Definitions [1]
Define liberty indicator.
Liberty Indicator may be defined as the measure of the extent of demographic participation in the social and political decision making. In other words, it is an index used to measure the participation of the people in taking decisions.
Key Points
Key Points: Developmental Path – A Snapshot View
- India, Pakistan and China all started planned development with Five Year Plans and a large role for the public sector after the late 1940s.
- China first used strict state control (communes, GLF, Cultural Revolution), then from 1978 moved to market‑oriented reforms, household farming and Special Economic Zones.
- Pakistan used a mixed economy with import‑substitution and Green Revolution, then in the 1970s–80s shifted from nationalisation to denationalisation, private‑sector incentives, remittances and later economic reforms.
Key Points: Demographic Indicators
- Population: India 1412 million, China 1417 million, Pakistan 236 million (about one‑tenth of India/China).
- Population growth (%): highest in Pakistan (1.89), then India (0.68), almost zero/negative in China (−0.01).
- Density (per sq km): India 473, Pakistan 300, China 150.
- Fertility rate: Pakistan 3.4, India 2.0, China 1.2.
- Sex ratio (females/1000 males): India 938, China 959, Pakistan 982.
- Urbanisation (%): China 65, Pakistan 38, India 36.
Tool access is currently unavailable, so these points are taken directly from the data you provided rather than an external source.
Key Points: Indicators of Human Development
- HDI: China highest (0.788, rank 75), then India (0.644, rank 134), then Pakistan (0.540, rank 164).
- Income (GNI per capita PPP): China ≈ 18,025 US$, India ≈ 6,951 US$, Pakistan ≈ 5,374 US$.
- Health: Life expectancy and infant/maternal mortality are best in China, worst in Pakistan, with India in between.
- Education: Mean years of schooling are highest in China, then India, lowest in Pakistan.
- Poverty, food, basics: China has almost no people below its national poverty line and lowest undernourishment; India and Pakistan have about 21.9% poor and higher undernourishment, with weaker access to sanitation and water, especially in Pakistan.
Key Points: Development Strategies – An Appraisal
- China: Started reforms in 1978 from a base of land reforms, rural health and education; used gradual, locally tested market reforms and collective land to achieve very high growth and rapid poverty reduction.
- Pakistan: Reforms from 1988 coincided with slower, volatile growth and re‑emerging poverty, due to dependence on good harvests, remittances, foreign aid and loans rather than strong structural change.
- India: Reforms from 1991 gave moderate growth with democracy and institutions, but large population still in agriculture and slower human development; unlike India and Pakistan’s privatisation push, China kept collective land and used markets to expand opportunities with strong social infrastructure.
Important Questions [19]
- China initiated ______ in 1958, that aimed at industrializing the country on a massive scale.
- The introduction of Economic Reform in Pakistan took place in year ______.
- Statement 1: Amongst India, China and Pakistan, China is the largest nation and has the higest population density. Statement 2: One-child policy introduced in the late 1970s in china led to a
- Statement 1: Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was introduced in China in 1950's. Statement 2: China's growth is mainly contributed by the manufacturing sector.
- Explain briefly the problems faced by Great leap forward campaign.
- Describe the path of developmental initiatives taken by Pakistan for its economic development.
- ‘GLF’ with respect to the People’s Republic of China referred to as ______
- Identify the incorrect statement from the following: (a) China’s Economic growth rate is better than that of Pakistan. (b) Pakistan is behind India in HDI ranking.
- On the basis of the data given below, identify the incorrect statement in terms of annual growth of GDP (%): (Choose the correct alternative) Annual Growth of Gross Domestic Product (%) 1980-2017 Cou
- Compare and analyse the following information related to Annual Growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India and China: Annual Growth of Gross Domestic Product
- State the importance of 'liberty indicator'.
- Define liberty indicator.
- Maternal mortality rate is high in ______.
- Give some examples of liberty indicators.
- ______ acts as a measure of 'the extent of democratic participation in social and political decision-making.'
- On the basis of the given data: Some Selected Indicators of Human Development, 2017-2019 Item India China Pakistan Human Development Index (Value) 0.645 0.761 0.557 Rank (based on HDI)
- Briefly explain any two similar development strategies opted by India and Pakistan for their respective development path.
- Assertion (A): During 1980's, economic growth rate of Pakistan was more than that of India. Reason (R): Pakistan followed the path of mixed economic structure.
- Compare and analyse the Annual Growth rate of population of India and China. Country Annual Growth rate of population (2015) India 1.2% China 0.5%
