Key Points
|
Aspect |
Period |
Major Actions |
Method of Control |
Result/Impact |
|
Arrival |
1498 |
Vasco da Gama reached Calicut |
Sea route discovery |
Beginning of Portuguese rule |
|
Expansion |
16th century |
Colonies on west and east coast |
Forts at Goa, Diu, Daman |
Large coastal control |
|
Naval Power |
16th–17th century |
Strong navy and shipbuilding |
Control of Indian Ocean |
Portuguese dominance at sea |
|
Cartaz System |
16th century |
Compulsory license for ships |
Seizure of unlicensed ships |
Trade monopoly |
|
Administration and Religion |
16th–17th century |
Viceroy system; Christianisation |
Religious restrictions |
Portuguese influence in Goa |
|
Aspect |
Period |
British Action |
Method/System |
Result |
|
Establishment |
1600 |
East India Company formed |
Royal charter by Queen Elizabeth |
Start of British trade in India |
|
Trade System |
Early 17th century |
Trade with eastern countries |
Factories (emporiums) |
Permanent trading centres |
|
Administrative Powers |
1623 onwards |
Authority over staff |
Civil and military law |
Company gained control |
|
Expansion of Control |
17th century |
Forts and armies built |
Treaties with Indian rulers |
Political influence increased |
|
Mumbai and Chennai |
1661–1669 |
Forts and mints established |
Governors appointed |
British strongholds formed |
|
Aspect |
Period |
Dutch Action |
Method of Control |
Result |
|
Establishment |
1602 |
United East India Company formed |
Government licence |
Start of Dutch trade |
|
Trading Rights |
17th century |
Factories and forts built |
Treaties and military force |
Strong trading network |
|
Expansion |
Mid-17th century |
Colonies from Africa to Japan |
Governor-General appointed |
Vast overseas empire |
|
Indian Factories |
17th century |
Factories at Pulicat, Nagapattinam |
Fortification and cannons |
Dutch dominance in trade |
|
Naval Power |
Early 17th century |
Strong navy |
Licensing of ships |
Control over sea trade |
|
Aspect |
Period |
French Action |
Method/Policy |
Result |
|
Establishment |
1664 |
French East India Company formed |
Initiative of Colbert |
Start of French trade in India |
|
Trading Rights |
1666–1668 |
Permission from Mughal court |
Diplomatic relations |
Factory at Surat established |
|
Expansion |
Late 17th century |
Factories set up |
Trading centres |
Pondicherry, Chandranagar, Mahe |
|
Political Involvement |
18th century |
Interference in local politics |
Support to Nawab of Karnataka |
Conflict with British |
|
Carnatic Wars |
1744–1763 |
Battles with British |
Military confrontation |
French defeat; British supremacy |
Important Questions [13]
- Find the incorrect pair from group 'B', and write the corrected one. Group 'A' Group 'B' (a) Arcebispo Chief Executive Officer (b) Chancellor Judge (c) Vedor da Fazenda In charge of the
- State your opinion: Portuguese had intolerant policies towards Indians.
- Explain the following statement with reason. Indian rulers found it difficult to fight the Portuguese.
- Write a short note on: Cartaz
- Complete the concept map/table. City in India Centre of which European power Goa ______ Kolkata ______ Nagpattan ______ Pondicherry (Puducherry) ______
- Write a short note: Portuguese war strategies
- Choose the correct reason and complete the sentence: Charles II leased Mumbai's port to the East India Company because ______.
- Complete the concept map. Islands of Mumbai
- Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the statement. The license was given by England to the East India Company to trade with the eastern countries by ______.
- Complete the concept map:
- Find the incorrect pair from group ‘B’ and write the correct ones: Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’ Factory The place to store goods. Cartaz Documents containing the name and other details of a ship. Factors
- The Dutch established their first colony in India at ______.
- Write a short note. Carnatic wars
