Definitions [6]
Define carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones or compounds that can be hydrolysed to polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
Define α-amino acids.
α-Amino acids are carboxylic acids having an amino (–NH2) group bonded to the α-carbon, that is, the carbon next to the carboxyl (–COOH) group.
Define peptide bond.
The bond that connects α-amino acids to each other is called a peptide bond.
Define the term Protein.
Chemically proteins are polyamides which are high molecular weight polymers of the monomer units, i.e., α-amino acids. OR It can also be defined as proteins are the biopolymers of a large number of α-amino acids and they are naturally occurring polymeric nitrogenous organic compounds containing 16% nitrogen and peptide linkages (-CO-NH-)
Define enzymes.
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living cells without being consumed in the process.
Define the following term:
Hormones
Hormones are chemical messengers created by the endocrine glands and transported through the bloodstream to govern body functions such as development, metabolism, reproduction and mood by interacting with specific target cells.
