Political Science Board Sample Paper 2025-2026 Commerce (English Medium) Class 12 Question Paper Solution

The end of bipolarity in international politics led to an increase in ______.

Proxy wars bеtwееn super powers.

Arms race bеtwееn super powers.

Multilateral diplomacy and cooperation.

Bipolarity in international politics.

Agenda-21 is related to which one of the following?

Rio Summit

Antarctic Treaty

Montreal Protocol

Antarctic Environmental Protocol

Statement I: In the traditional view of security, most threats to a country’s security come from outside its borders.

Statement II: In world politics, each country has to be responsible for its own security.

Only statement I is correct.

Only statement II is correct.

Both statements I and II are correct.

Both statements I and II are not correct.

Identify the group of countries that had been part of the Soviet Union before its disintegration.

Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia

Armenia, West Germany, Azerbaijan

Poland, East Germany, Norway

Norway, Hungary, Romania

The idea of global security emerged in ______.

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

Assertion (A): At the G-8 meeting in June 2005, India pointed out that the per capita emission rates of the developing countries are a tiny fraction of those in the developed world.

Reason (R): A review of the implementation of the agreements at the Earth Summit in Rio was undertaken by India in 1997.

Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

A is true, but R is false.

A is false, but R is true.

What is the primary purpose of India’s foreign policy?

Pursuing Territorial expansion.

Promoting Economic exploitation.

National security and economic development.

Building exclusive military alliances.

External affairs minister to visit China in 1979 was ______.

Rajiv Gandhi

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

P.V. Narsimha Rao

Manmohan Singh

Identify the leader who initiated the concept of integral humanism:

Ram Manohar Lohia

S.P Mukherjee

Deen Dayal Upadhyaya

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Match the names of the leaders given below with the political parties with the help of codes given below:

I - (ii), II - (iv), III - (iii), IV - (i)

I - (iii), II - (i), III - (iii), IV - (iv)

I - (ii), II - (i), III - (iv), IV - (iii)

I - (iii), II - (i), III - (iv), IV - (ii)

Identify the leader of Indian National Congress who became the first Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir:

Sheikh Abdullah

Omar Abdullah

Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq

Mufti Mohammed Sayeed

Arrange the following in chronological order of their creation:

1. Arunachal Pradesh 
2. Punjab 
3. Nagaland 
4. Tripura

(III), (II), (IV), (I)

(II), (IV), (I), (III)

(IV), (I), (III), (II)

(I), (II), (III), (IV)

What were the early initiatives taken by the Planning Commission for building new India?

Explain the process of democratisation in Maldives.

Describe two forms of cooperative security as per its traditional notion.

Why was Mandal Commission appointed? Explain the reason.

Differentiate between ‘one party dominance’ and ‘one party system’.

Explain the meaning of global poverty.

Explain the role played by India under Jawaharlal Nehru in maintaining Afro-Asian unity.

Regional demands from different parts of India exemplify the principle of unity with diversity’. Do you agree? Support your answer with appropriate arguments.

‘Although India has maintained good relations with all the post-communist countries, yet the strongest relations are still between India and Russia’. Explain the reasons with suitable arguments.

Analyse any two causes of globalisation.

“Welfare State is getting replaced by market.” Analyse the reasons for this change.

Explain any four outcomes of the Lok Sabha elections of 1977.

Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow:

Choose the most appropriate option:

1. Which Summit has brought the environmental issues to the center stage of global politics?
   1. G-8 summit
   2. Earth summit
   3. Antarctic summit
   4. Stockholm summit
2. What do the two men shown in the image symbolise?
   1. First World and the Third World countries.
   2. Second World and the Third World counties.
   3. Developed and under developed World.
   4. First World and the Second World counties.
3. What these two men are trying to save?
   1. Outer space
   2. Oceans
   3. Forests
   4. Earth
4. The Global North includes which of the following regions?
   1. Africa and Asia
   2. Europe and North America
   3. Latin America and Oceania
   4. South America and the Middle East

In the given outline political map of India, four states have been marked as (A), (B), (C) and (D). Identify these states on the basis of the information given below and write their correct names in your answer book along with the respective serial numbers of the information used and the concerned alphabets as per the format that follows:

1. The state where a coalition called the SVD with the two socialist parties SSP and the PSP came to power after 1967 election.
2. The state where Congress did not get the majority but formed government with the help from others.
3. The state associated with the defection in 1967 election.
4. K.Kamraj was the Chief Minister of this state.

Read the passage and choose the most appropriate answer for the questions given below:

1. Which two countries have been referred to as ‘Outside powers’?
   1. India and China 
   2. China and Pakistan
   3. USA and China 
   4. India and USA
2. Name the two Asian giants.
   1. USA and China
   2. Russia and India
   3. India and China
   4. India and USA
3. Which one of the following countries is NOT a South Asian Country?
   1. Maldives 
   2. Nepal 
   3. Japan 
   4. Bhutan
4. Which one of the following countries is NOT a member of SAARC?
   1. Nepal
   2. India
   3. China
   4. Pakistan

What steps should be taken to strengthen the UNO?

Explain any four reasons as to why India should be given a permanent membership in the UN Security Council.

Trace the evolution of the United Nations since its establishment in 1945.

How does it function with the help of its structures and agencies?

In spite of serious differences between major national political parties, emergence of new consensus is being viewed with interest’. In the light of this statement describe any three consensus.

‘A two-party system is considered as the best form for a democratic system. India, on the other hand, has a multi-party system’. Assess the advantages of the multi-party system in India.

“The accommodation of regional demands and the formation of linguistic states were seen as more democratic.” Justify the statement with suitable arguments.

What was the approach of the Government of India towards the princely states immediately after the partition of India in 1947?

Describe how the princely state of Manipur acceded to India.

Assess the role of ASEAN as an economic association.

Can Japan effectively function as an alternative centre of power? Support your answer with logical explanation.