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प्रश्न
Write the contributions of the following scientists in deciphering the genetic code.
George Gamow; Hargobind Khorana; Marshall Nirenberg; Severo Ochoa
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उत्तर
George Gamow proposed that if 20 amino acids are to be coded by 4 bases, then the code should be made up of three nucleotides.
43 = 64 (42 = 16), which is less than 20; so, the codon was proposed to be a triplet.
Har Gobind Khorana developed a chemical method to synthesize RNA molecules with a defined combination of bases.
Marshall Nirenberg developed cell-free systems for protein synthesis, which helped the code to be deciphered.
Severo Ochoa discovered an enzyme (polynucleotide phosphorylase) which helped in the synthesis of RNA with defined sequences in a template-independent manner.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give an example of a codon having a dual function.
Name the anticodon required to recognize the following codon: UAU
Frame shift mutation occurs when ______.
Because most of the amino acids are represented by more than one codon, the genetic code is ______.
The mutations that involve addition, deletion or substitution of a single pair in a gene are referred to as ______.
Genetic code is universal, it means ______
Frame shift mutations are caused by ______.
Statement I:
The codon ‘AUG’ codes for methionine and phenylalanine.
Statement II:
‘AAA’ and ‘AAG’ are both codons that code for the amino acid lysine.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Based on your understanding of genetic code, explain the formation of any abnormal hemoglobin molecule. What are the known consequences of such a change?
A single base mutation in a gene may not ‘always’ result in loss or gain of function. Do you think the statement is correct? Defend your answer.
