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महाराष्ट्र राज्य शिक्षण मंडळएचएससी विज्ञान (सामान्य) इयत्ता १२ वी

Write an application of Hess’s law.

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प्रश्न

Write an application of Hess’s law.

एका वाक्यात उत्तर
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उत्तर १

The Hess's law has been useful to calculate the enthalpy changes for the reactions with their enthalpies being not known experimentally.

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उत्तर २

  1. It helps in calculating the enthalpies of formation of those compounds which cannot be determined experimentally.
  2. It helps in determining the enthalpy of allotropic transformation like C(graphite)→C(diamond)
  3. It helps in calculating the enthalpy of hydration.
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पाठ 4: Chemical Thermodynamics - Long answer questions

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Select the most appropriate option.

Which of the following reactions is exothermic?


Answer the following in one or two sentences.

What is standard state of a substance?


Answer the following question.

State Hess’s law of constant heat summation. Illustrate with an example. State its applications.


Answer the following question.

Calculate ΔrH° for the following reaction at 298 K:

1) 2H3BO3(aq) → B2O3(s) + 3H2O(l), ΔrH° = + 14.4 kJ

2) H3BO3(aq) → HBO2(aq) + H2O(l), ΔrH° = - 0.02 kJ

3) H2B4O7(s) → 2B2O3(s) + H2O(l), ΔrH° = + 17.3 kJ


State and explain Hess’s law of constant heat summation.


Define standard enthalpy of formation.


Define the Enthalpy of ionisation.


Classify the following into intensive and extensive properties.

Pressure, volume, mass, temperature.


The volume of oxygen required for complete combustion of 0.25 mole of methane at STP is ______.


The enthalpy change accompanying a reaction in which 1 mole of the substance in the standard state reacts completely with oxygen or is completely burnt is called as ____________.


Which among the following salts, solubility decreases with increase in temperature?


The enthalpy of formation of nitrogen dioxide is +33.2 kJ mol−1. The enthalpy of the reaction \[\ce{2N2_{(g)} + 4O2_{(g)} -> 4NO2_{(g)}}\]; is ____________.


Given that,

\[\ce{C_{(s)} + O_{2(g)} -> CO_{2(g)}}\]   ΔH° = -X kJ

\[\ce{2CO_{(g)} + O_{2(g)} -> 2CO_{2(g)}}\]   ΔH° = - Y kJ, then standard enthalpy of formation of carbon monoxide is ________.


An ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly from 10 m3 to 20 m3 at 300 K performing 5 .187 kJ of work on surrounding. Calculate number of moles of gas undergoing expansion. (R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1)


Standard entropies of N2(g), H2(g), and NH3(g) are a1, a2 and a3 J K-1 mol-1 respectively. What is value of ΔS° for formation of NH3(g)?


Heat of formation of ethane, ethylene acetylene and carbon dioxide are - 136, - 66, - 228 and - 395 (all in kJ) respectively, most stable among them is ______.


Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of CH3OH(l) from the following data:

  1. \[\ce{CH3OH_{(l)} + 3/2 O2_{(g)} -> CO2_{(g)} + 2H2O_{(l)}ΔH^° = - 726 kJ mol^{-1}}\]
  2. \[\ce{C_{(s)} + O2_{(g)} → CO2_{(g)}Δ_cH^° = – 393 kJ mol^{-1}}\]
  3. \[\ce{H2_{(g)} + 1/2 O2_{(g)} -> H2O_{(l)}Δ_fH^° = - 286 kJ mol^{-1}}\]

Calculate the standard enthalpy of:

\[\ce{N2H_{4(g)} + H_{2(g)} -> 2NH_{3(g)}}\]

If ΔH0(N – H) = 389 kJ mol–1, ΔH0(H – H) = 435 kJ mol–1, ΔH0(N – N) = 159 kJ mol–1.


From the following bond energies:

H – H bond energy: 431.37 kJ mol−1

C = C bond energy: 606.10 kJ mol−1

C – C bond energy: 336.49 kJ mol−1

C – H bond energy: 410.50 kJ mol−1

Enthalpy for the given reaction will be:

\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...................}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\\
\phantom{.}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....................}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{.....}\\
\ce{C = C + H - H -> H - C - C - H}\\
\phantom{.}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....................}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{.....}\\
\phantom{}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...................}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}
\end{array}\]


How many moles of helium gas occupies 22.4 Lat 0°c and at 1 atmospheric pressure?


What is enthalpy of formation of NH3 if bond enthalpies as (N ≡ N) = - 941 kJ/mol.

\[\ce{(H - H)}\] = 436 kJ/mol and \[\ce{(N - H)}\] = 389 kJ/mol?


When 0.5 gram of sulphur is burnt to form SO2, 4.6 kJ of heat liberated. Calculate enthalpy of formation of SO2(g). (Atomic mass : S = 32, O = 16)


Calculate the standard enthalpy of the reaction, \[\ce{SiO2_{(s)} + 3C_{(graphite)} -> SiC_{(s)} + 2CO_{(g)}}\] from the following reactions:

  1. \[\ce{Si_{(s)} + O2_{(g)} -> SiO2_{(s)}}\], ΔrH0 = −911 kJ
  2. \[\ce{2C_{(graphite)} + O2_{(g)} -> 2CO_{(g)}}\], ΔrH= −221 kJ
  3. \[\ce{Si_{(s)} + C_{(graphite)} -> SiC_{(s)}}\], ΔrH= −65.3 kJ

The enthalpy of combustion of S (rhombic) is − 297 kJ mo1-1. Calculate the amount of sulphur required to produce 29. 74 kJ of heat.


Draw energy profile diagram and show:

  1. activated complex
  2. energy of activation for forward and backward reactions
  3. enthalpy of reaction

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