Question

 What is long-sightedness? State the two causes of long-sightedness (or hypermetropia). With the help of ray diagrams, show:
(i) the eye-defect long-sightedness.
(ii) correction of long-sightedness by using a lens.

Answer 1

 Long-sightedness, or hypermetropia, is a defect of vision because of which a person cannot see nearby objects clearly but has normal distant vision. Hypermetropia occurs because

1. the eye lens has low converging power, which causes the formation of the images of objects behind the retina, or

2. the eye ball is too short, which causes the formation of the images of objects behind the retina

The ray diagram shows the hypermetropic eye and how the defect is corrected by using a convex lens, which converges the light rays from objects and forms clear images on the retina.