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प्रश्न
What is ‘biofortification’?
Explain what is meant by biofortification.
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उत्तर १
Biofortification is the method of breeding crops to produce varieties which have increased nutritional value.
उत्तर २
Biofortification is a process of breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fat content. This method is employed to improve public health. Breeding of crops with improved nutritional quality is undertaken to improve the content of proteins, oil, vitamins, minerals, and micronutrients in crops. It is also undertaken to upgrade the quality of oil and proteins. An example of this is a wheat variety known as Atlas 66, which has high protein content in comparison to the existing wheat. In addition, there are several other improved varieties of crop plants, such as rice, carrots, spinach, etc., which have more nutritious value and more nutrients than the existing varieties.
Notes
Students can refer to the provided solutions based on their preferred marks.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Which steps would you follow to develop a new variety of crop plant by selective breeding?
Suggest four important steps to produce a disease resistant plant through conventional plant breeding technology.
Identify ‘a’, ‘b’ and ‘c’ in the following table:
| S. No. | Crop | Variety | Insect Pests |
| 1. | Brassica | Pusa Gaurav | ‘a’ |
| 2. | Flat bean | Pusa Sem 2 Pusa sem 3 |
‘b’ |
| 3. | ‘c’ | Pusa Sawani Pusa A-4 |
Shoot and fruit borer |
What is plant breeding?
How has mutation breeding helped in improving the production of mung bean crop?
Name any two common Indian millet crops.
In Brassica (rapeseed, mustard)........................ varietys is resistant to Aphids.
(a) Pusa A-4
(b) Pusa Gaurav
(c) Pusa Sawni
(d) . Pusa Shubra
State one characteristic of millets that has been improved as a result of hybrid breeding so as to produce high yielding millet crops.
Define Osmotic pressure.
Give the scientific term used for the preservation of germplasm at a very low temperature.
Answer the following question.
How did plant breeding techniques help north Indian farmers to develop cane with desired characters?
Describe briefly various steps of plant breeding methods.
Plants having similar genotypes produced by plant breeding are called
The science of changing and improving the heredity of plants is called ______
Which method of plant breeding has been used to develop a powdery mildew-resistant variety of moong beans?
The biggest constraint of plant breeding is:
Which one of the following pathogens causes cancer disease?
The biggest constraint of plant breeding is ______.
Which one of the following combination would a sugarcane farmer look for in the sugarcane crop?
The scientific process by which crop plants are enriched with certain desirable nutrients is called ______.
The agriculture sector of India employs about ______.
Discuss the two main limitations of plant hybridization programme.
The term ‘desirable trait’ can mean different things for different plants. Justify the statement with suitable examples.
It is said, that diseases are spreading faster due to globalisation and increased movement of people. Justify the statement taking the example of H5N1 virus.
Discuss the importance of testing of new plant varieties in a geographically vast country like India.
Discuss natural selection and artificial selection. What are the implications of the latter on the process of evolution?
Give few examples of biofortified crops. What benefits do they offer to the society?
Match the following:
| Sr. No. | Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Eutrophication | (a) | A soil erosion |
| (ii) | Biomagnification | (b) | carbon monoxide, methane |
| (iii) | Particulate pollutant | (c) | Prevention of extinction |
| (iv) | Conservation | (d) | Dust, smog |
| (v) | Gaseous pollutants | (e) | Accumulation of nonbiodegradable substances |
| (vi) | Deforestation | (f) | Death of aquatic ecosystem |
Give a reason for the following:
The continuous inbreeding of crops may lead to reduced fertility and productivity. However, the self-pollinated crops do not show the ill-effects of inbreeding.
