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प्रश्न
What is the difference between a cation and an anion ? Explain with examples.
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उत्तर
| 1. Cation a positively charged ion. | 1. Anion is a negatively charged ion. |
| 2. When a neutral atom loses one or more electrons, it develops an overall positive charge and becomes a cation. | 2. When a neutral atom gains one or more electrons, it develops an overall negative charge and becomes an anion. |
| 3. A cation has fewer electrons than the neutral (normal) atom of that element. | 3. An anion has more electrons than the neutral (normal) atom of that element. |
| 4. Example: Sodium atom readily loses an electron to form a positively charged sodium ion. Na → Na+ + e− |
4. Example: Chlorine atom accepts an electron to become a negatively charged chloride ion. Cl + e− → Cl− |
| Similarly, calcium atom loses two electrons to become a positively charged calcium ion. Thus, the cation formed has two units of positive charge. Ca → Ca2++ 2e− |
Oxygen atom readily accepts two electrons to become a negatively charged oxygen ion. Thus, the oxygen anion formed has two units of negative charge. O + 2e− → O2− |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
The valency of calcium is 2. Write the valencies of other radical in the following :
- CaO
- Ca(OH)2
- CaC03
- CaCl2
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The valencies (or charges) of some of the ions are given below :
| Ion | Valency (Charge) | Ion | Valency (Charge) |
| Sodium ion | 1+ | Bromide ion | 1– |
| Ammonium ion | 1+ | Hydroxide ion | 1– |
| Calcium ion | 2+ | Sulphate ion | 2– |
| Lead ion | 2+ | Phosphate ion | 3– |
Using this information, write down the formulae of the following compounds :
(i) Sodium phosphate
(ii) Ammonium sulphate
(iii) Calcium hydroxide
(iv) Lead bromide
Give example.
Trivalent basic radicals
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Mercury, potassium, nitrogen, copper, sulphur, carbon, chlorine, oxygen
Write the basic radicals and acidic radicals of the following and then write the chemical formulae of these compound.
Potassium ferrocyanide
Write the basic radicals and acidic radicals of the following and then write the chemical formulae of these compound.
Sodium thiosulphate
Write the basic radicals and acidic radicals of the following and then write the chemical formulae of these compound.
Potassium manganate
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
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State if the following element or radical is divalent?
Ammonium
