Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
The fission properties of `""_94^239"Pu"` are very similar to those of `""_92^235 "U"`. The average energy released per fission is 180 MeV. How much energy, in MeV, is released if all the atoms in 1 kg of pure `""_94^239 "Pu"` undergo fission?
Advertisements
उत्तर
Average energy released per fission of `""_94^239 "Pu", "E"_"av" = 180 "MeV"`
Amount of pure `""_94"Pu"^239` m = 1 kg = 1000 g
NA= Avogadro number = 6.023 × 1023
Mass number of `""_94^239 "Pu"`= 239 g
1 mole of `""_94"Pu"^239` contains NA atoms.
∴ mg of `""_94"Pu"^239` contain `("N"_"A"/"Mass number" xx m)` atom
`= (6.023 xx 10^23)/239 xx 1000 = 2.52 xx 10^24` atoms
∴ Total energy released during the fission of 1 kg of `""_94^239"Pu"` is calculated as:
`"E" = "E"_"av" xx 2.52 xx 10^24`
`= 180 xx 2.52 xx 10^24 = 4.536 xx 10^26` MeV
Hence, `4.536 xx 10^26` is released if all the atoms in 1 kg of pure `""_94"Pu"^239` undergo fission.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Suppose, we think of fission of a `""_26^56"Fe"` nucleus into two equal fragments `""_13^28"Al"`. Is the fission energetically possible? Argue by working out Q of the process. Given `"m"(""_26^56 "Fe") = 55.93494 "u"` and `"m"(""_13^28 "Al") = 27.98191 "u"`.
Suppose India had a target of producing by 2020 AD, 200,000 MW of electric power, ten percent of which was to be obtained from nuclear power plants. Suppose we are given that, on an average, the efficiency of utilization (i.e. conversion to electric energy) of thermal energy produced in a reactor was 25%. How much amount of fissionable uranium would our country need per year by 2020? Take the heat energy per fission of 235U to be about 200MeV.
In a typical fission reaction, the nucleus is split into two middle-weight nuclei of unequal masses. Which of the two (heavier or lighter) has greater kinetic energy? Which one has greater liner momentum?
As compared to 12C atom, 14C atom has
The heavier nuclei tend to have larger N/Z ratio because
(a) a neutron is heavier than a proton
(b) a neutron is an unstable particle
(c) a neutron does not exert electric repulsion
(d) Coulomb forces have longer range compared to the nuclear forces.
As the mass number A increases, which of the following quantities related to a nucleus do not change?
A free neutron decays to a proton but a free proton does not decay to a neutron. This is because
Calculate the energy released by 1g of natural uranium assuming 200 MeV is released in each fission event and that the fissionable isotope 235U has an abundance of 0.7% by weight in natural uranium.
A town has a population of 1 million. The average electric power needed per person is 300 W. A reactor is to be designed to supply power to this town. The efficiency with which thermal power is converted into electric power is aimed at 25%. (a) Assuming 200 MeV to thermal energy to come from each fission event on an average, find the number of events that should take place every day. (b) Assuming the fission to take place largely through 235U, at what rate will the amount of 235U decrease? Express your answer in kg per day. (c) Assuming that uranium enriched to 3% in 235U will be used, how much uranium is needed per month (30 days)?
Which particle is most likely to be captured by a 235u nucleus and cause it to undergo fission?
Assuming that about 200 MeV of energy is released per fission of 92U235 nuclei, then the mass of U235 consumed per day in a fission reactor of power 1 megawatt will be approximately ______.
Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion giving an example of each.
A heavy nucleus P of mass number 240 and binding energy of 7.6 MeV per nucleon splits into two nuclei Q and R of mass number 110 and 130 and binding energy per nucleon of 8.5 MeV and 8.4 MeV respectively. Calculate the energy released in fission.
How long can an electric lamp of 1000 W be kept glowing by fusion of 2.0 kg of deuterium? Take the fusion reaction as:
\[{}_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}+_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}\rightarrow{}_{2}^{3}\mathrm{He}+\mathrm{n}+3.27\mathrm{MeV}\]
In a nuclear reactor, moderators slow down the neutrons which come out in a fission process. The moderator used have light nuclei. Heavy nuclei will not serve the purpose because ____.
If in nuclear fusion process the masses of the fusing nuclei be m1 and m2 and the mass of the resultant nucleus be m3, then:
Power generated by a nuclear reactor is given by P = n E / t. Here n represents:
\[\ce{^290_80X ->[\alpha] Y ->[e+] Z ->[\beta-] P ->[e-] Q}\]
In the nuclear emission stated above, the mass number and atomic number of the product Q respectively, are:
