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प्रश्न
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion:
The Articles of a company stated that while borrowing any money from outsiders. The document must have the signatures of the Managing Director (MD) and any one of the directors. The Articles of Association clearly stated the procedure to be followed while borrowing money. The Managing Director did not follow all the procedures but still borrowed money from Mr. X. Mr. X assumed that the MD has followed the required procedures:
(a) Can the MD be held punishable for his act?
(b) Under which Doctrine can Mr. X take action against the company?
(c) Explain the Doctrine.
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उत्तर
(a) The Managing Director (MD) can be held punishable for this act.
(b) Under the doctrine of indoor management, Mr. X can take action against the company.
(c) The doctrine of indoor management specifies that persons (third parties) entering into a contract with the company are not found to inquire or know whether the company or it's MD or officers have properly followed the internal proceedings as stated in the Articles or not. As per the doctrine of indoor management, it is assumed that the company or it's MD or Officer acts as per Memorandum and Articles of Association. This doctrine protects the interest of the outsiders when they are unaware of the correctness of the internal proceedings of the company.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Select the correct answer from the option given below and rewrite the sentence.
_________ contains rules and regulations for internal management of the company
Match the pairs:
| Group ‘A’ | Group ‘B’ |
| a) Capital clause | 1. Details of capital structure of a company |
| b) Liability clause | 2. Used for multiple issue of shares |
| c) Acts beyond the powers of Memorandum | 3. Abridged Prospectus |
| d) Red Herring Prospectus | 4. Describes main objectives |
| e) Shelf Prospectus | 5. Used for Rights Issue |
| 6. Incomplete Prospectus | |
| 7. Ultra Vires | |
| 8. Doctrine of Indoor management | |
| 9. Extent of liability of members | |
| 10. Articles of Association |
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
Primary document of a company which states aims and objectives of a company.
Write a word or a term or a phrase that can substitute the following statement:
The document is subordinate to the Memorandum of Association.
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
Term used for acts beyond the scope of Memorandum of Association.
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
It is an incomplete prospectus.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association is prepared at the time of incorporation of a company.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Any act done by the company beyond the powers of Memorandum is Ultra Vires.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Only public companies can issue Prospectus.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Actions can be taken against a company or its officers for misstatements in prospectus.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Every company has to issue shelf prospectus every time it offers shares to the public.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Red Herring prospectus does not contain details of the price at which shares will be sold by the company.
Find the odd one.
Complete the sentence.
The documents which state the aims and objectives of a company is called as_________
Complete the sentence.
The document which is subordinate to the Memorandum of Association is called _________
Select the correct option from the given options:
| Group A | Group B |
| Incomplete prospectus | ___________ |
Select the correct option from the given options:
| Group A | Group B |
| ___________ | Establishes relation between company and its member |
Explain the following term/concept.
Liability clauses
Explain the following term/concept.
Capital clauses
