Question

Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that follow:

1. Name the region in the kidney where the above structure is present?
2. Name the parts labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4.
3. Name the stages involved in the formation of urine.
4. What is the technical term given to the process occurring in 2 and 3? Briefly describe the process.

Answer 1

1. Renal cortex
2.     
   1. Afferent arteriole
   2. Glomerulus
   3. Bowman's capsule
   4. Efferent arteriole
3. Ultrafiltration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
4. The process occurring in 2 and 3 is known as ultrafiltration.
   Ultrafiltration: The blood flows through the glomerulus under great pressure, much greater than in the capillaries elsewhere. The reason for this greater pressure is that the efferent (outgoing) arteriole is narrower than the afferent (incoming) arteriole. This high pressure (hydrostatic pressure) causes the liquid part of the blood to filter out from the glomerulus into the renal tubule. This filtration under extraordinary force is called ultrafiltration.