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प्रश्न
State the scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management.
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उत्तर
The scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management are:
- Waste separation: This is the first step in waste management. Classification of dry waste and wet waste is very important for further processing of waste.
- Composting: Decomposing kitchen waste in small pits in the backyard, garden, or terrace is called composting. Good quality compost can be made by composting food scraps, fruit peels, vegetables, etc.
- Vermicomposting: In this method, solid waste is rapidly decomposed with the help of earthworms. Manure obtained from vermicomposting is useful for agriculture, as it is rich in nutrients.
- Secured landfill: In this method, the waste is kept in a special place safely away from human habitation. In such places, the ground is covered with plastic and clay so that the waste water does not seep into the ground.
- Pyrolysis: It is a method for solid waste management. It is the chemical decomposition of solid waste by heat under high pressure, and the end products of pyrolysis are used to produce steam and electricity.
- The combustion of the furnace/bhashimation: This is an industrial method in which the waste is converted into a simple solid or aerodynamic form. In this method, the garbage in the furnace is infused at high temperatures. Generally, this method is used for biological medical waste.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Students in a school listened to the news read in the morning assembly that the mountain of garbage in Delhi suddenly exploded and various vehicles got buried under it. Several people were also injured and there was traffic jam all around. In the brain storming session the teacher also discussed this issue and asked the students to find out a solution to the problem of garbage. Finally they arrived at two main points -one is self management of the garbage we produce and the second is to generate less garbage at individual level.
1) Suggest two measures to manage the garbage we produce.
2) As an individual, what can we do to generate the least garbage? Give two points.
3) List two values the teacher instilled in his student in this episode.
Explain briefly how as a student, you can help in the reduction of waste generation.
What is garbage?
Every household produces a lot of material A daily. In one of the methods of disposal B, material A is burned at a very high temperature of about 1000°C in a structure called C. During this process, the organic matter present is removed as D and E whereas F is left behind (which can be dumped in a landfill site).
(a) What is material A?
(b) Name the method of disposal B.
(c) What is structure C known as?
(d) What are (i) D (ii) E, and (iii) F?
(e) This method is especially suitable for the disposal of materials produced by certain institutions. Name such institutions.
How will you register individual participation in solid waste management?
What is meant by domestic waste?
What is waste disposal?
How does an incinerator work?
Explain the role of government in waste management.
Study the image below and write down three items you have at home in each category of waste.
Biodegradable ______
Study the image below and write down three items you have at home in each category of waste.
Recyclable: ______
Explain the link between waste and dangerous diseases like dengue and malaria?
______ is the very important step in waste management.
______ can return back to the soil and become food for plants.
What is waste disposal or final disposal?
The term non-biodegradable is used for those things that can be easily decomposed.
Analogy:
Biodegradable waste: Leaves, Garden wastes:: Non-biodegradable waste: ______.
What are the two major types of solid wastes?
Suggest suitable mechanism(s) for waste management in fertilizer industries.
Paheli gave the following ill effects of the practice of burning dried leaves and other plant parts
- Burning degrades the soil.
- Burning produces harmful gases/fumes.
- Precious raw materials to obtain manure at low cost is lost.
- Lot of heat is generated unnecessarily.
The correct reasons of why we should not burn leaves are
