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प्रश्न
State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. Write two characteristics of the solution which obey Raoult’s law at all concentrations.
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उत्तर
Raoult's Law: According to Raoult's law, for a solution of two volatile liquids, the partial vapor pressure of each component of the solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction present in solution.
`"p"_1∝ "x"_1`
Implies that
`"P"_1="P"_1^circ "x"_1`
P1=Partial pressure of component 1.
x1 =mole fraction of component 1.
`"P"_1^circ`=pure vapour pressure of component 1.
Ideal solution obeys Raoult’s law at all concentrations.
The conditions obeyed are:
(i) ΔmixH=0
(ii) ΔmixV=0
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संबंधित प्रश्न
State Raoult’s law for the solution containing volatile components
Why does a solution containing non-volatile solute have higher boiling point than the pure solvent ?
A solution containing 30 g of non-volatile solute exactly in 90 g of water has a vapour pressure of 2.8 kPa at 298 K. Further, 18 g of water is then added to the solution and the new vapour pressure becomes 2.9 kPa at 298 K. Calculate:
- molar mass of the solute.
- vapour pressure of water at 298 K.
Some liquids on mixing form 'azeotropes'. What are 'azeotropes'?
For the reaction :
\[\ce{2NO_{(g)} ⇌ N2_{(g)} + O2_{(g)}}\];
ΔH = -heat
Kc = 2.5 × 102 at 298K
What will happen to the concentration of N2 if :
(1) Temperature is decreased to 273 K.
(2) The pressure is reduced
Match the following:
| (i) | Colligative property | (a) | Polysaccharide |
| (ii) | Nicol prism | (b) | Osmotic pressure |
| (iii) | Activation energy | (c) | Aldol condensation |
| (iv) | Starch | (d) | Polarimeter |
| (v) | Acetaldehyde | (e) | Arrhenius equation |
A solution containing 8.44 g of sucrose in 100 g of water has a vapour pressure 4.56 mm of Hg at 273 K. If the vapour pressure of pure water is 4.58 mm of Hg at the same temperature, calculate the molecular weight of sucrose.
Define Raoult’s law for the elevation of the boiling point of a solution.
Raoult’s law states that for a solution of volatile liquids the partial pressure of each component in the solution is ____________.
The boiling point of an azeotropic mixture of water and ethanol is less than that of water and ethanol. The mixture shows ____________.
