Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
State Darwin’s theory of evolution.
Advertisements
उत्तर
- Darwin’s theory of evolution is better known as theory of natural selection.
- Darwin opined that only the fittest can survive. Those plant and animals which are not fit for survival,die.
- The fitter species reproduce in greater numbers and pass on their genes to the next generations. This process of selection of characteristics which contribute to the fitness for survival was termed as natural selection.
- Darwin’s theory of naturals selection emphasises on the fact that there is always overproduction of individuals in nature. This causes a struggle for existence. Only those organisms that have characters useful for survival are selected and hence they survive. While some organisms that do not have favourable characters, perish. This process takes place for many generations.
- As a result the species which are better adapted for survive are selected. The individuals belonging to this species may be different from the originals ones. But if this changed species shows successful adaption and growth in the given environment then it gets evolved.
- The process of natural selection is not deliberate but is gradual and natural. This process further leads to the development of species.
- Darwin’s theory is widely accepted but it has one drawback. It did not explain how the favourable characters were developed in the fit individuals.
- Darwin’s theory is now universally accepted.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
How do the observations made during moth collection in pre- and post- industrialized era in England support evolution by Natural Selection?
Explain the phenomenon that is well represented by Darwin's finches other than natural selection.
State the two key concept of Darwinian theory.
Write a short note based on the information known to you.
Darwin’s theory of natural selection.
Give the scientific name of the organism which is cited as the classical example of "natural selection".
Explain the evolution of the long neck of giraffe according to Charles Darwin.
Answer the following question.
How did Charles Darwin express 'fitness'?
The more characteristics two species have in common ______
What are homologous structures? Give an example. Is it necessary that homologous structures always have a common ancestor?
The ship on which Darwin was appointed as Naturalist was:
Match List - I with List - II.
| List - I | List II | ||
| (a) | Adaptive radiation | (i) | Selection of resistant varieties due to excessive use of herbicides and pesticides |
| (b) | Convergent evolution | (ii) | Bones of forelimbs in Man and Whale |
| (c) | Divergent evolution | (iii) | Wings of Butterfly and Bird |
| (d) | Evolution by anthropo- genic action | (iv) | Darwin Finches |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Who proposed the theory of survival of the fittest?
Write drawbacks of Darwin's theory
Mention four main postulates of Darwin's theory.
Differentiate between Lamarck's Theory and Darwin's Theory.
Match the name of the scientist in Column I with the name of the theory in Column II.
| Column (I) | Column (II) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| i. | August Weisman | a. | Theory of origin of species |
| ii. | Hugo de Vries | b. | Theory of chemical evolution |
| iii. | Charles Darwin | c. | Theory of continuity of germplasm |
| iv. | Oparin Haldane | d. | Mutation theory |
Choose the correct option.
