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प्रश्न
Nitration is an example of aromatic electrophilic substitution and its rate depends upon the group already present in the benzene ring. Out of benzene and phenol, which one is more easily nitrated and why?
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उत्तर
Phenol is more easily nitrated than benzene as the presence of –OH group in phenol increases the electron density at ortho and para positions in benzene ring by +R effect. The nitration, being an electrophilic substitution reaction is more facile where the electron density is more.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: Benzoic acid and Phenol
Write the main products when
2, 4, 6-trinitrochlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis
Write the structures of A, B, C, D and E in the following reactions:
Write the equation involved in the following reaction:
Reimer-Tiemann reaction
Write the equation involved in the following reaction:
Kolbe’s reaction
While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
Name the reagent used in the following reaction:
Bromination of phenol to 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol.
When phenol is treated with excess bromine water, it gives:
The electrophile involved in Reimer-Tiemann reaction of phenol with CHCl3 in presence of NaOH:
Which of the following species can act as the strongest base?
\[\ce{C2H5OH + SOCl2 ->[Pyridine] C2H5Cl + SO2 + HCl}\]
The above reaction is known as:
Which of the following compounds is aromatic alcohol?
| (A) |  |
| (B) |  |
| (C) |  |
| (D) |  |
Which of the following are used to convert \[\ce{RCHO}\] into \[\ce{RCH2OH}\]?
(i) \[\ce{H2/Pd}\]
(ii) \[\ce{LiAlH4}\]
(iii) \[\ce{NaBH4}\]
(iv) Reaction with \[\ce{RMgX}\] followed by hydrolysis
Which of the following are benzylic alcohols?
(i) \[\ce{C6H5 - CH2 - CH2OH}\]
(ii) \[\ce{C6H5 - CH2OH}\]
(iii) \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{C6H5 - CH - OH}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{.}\\
\phantom{..}\ce{CH3}\phantom{}
\end{array}\]
(iv) \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{C6H5 - CH2 - CH - OH}\\
\phantom{.......}|\phantom{}\\
\phantom{.........}\ce{CH3}\phantom{}
\end{array}\]
Attacking species in nitration of benzene in presence of fuming HNO3 is
Which of the following reacts with phenol to give salicylaldehyde after hydrolysis?
Write the equations for the following reaction:
Phenol is treated with chloroform in the presence of NaOH
For the pair phenol and cyclohexanol, answer the following:
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the two.
