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प्रश्न
How does a mutagen induce mutation? Explain with example.
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उत्तर
A mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA. Different mutagens act on the DNA differently. Powerful mutagens may result in chromosomal instability, causing chromosomal breakages and rearrangement of the chromosomes such as translocation, deletion, and inversion. Ionizing radiations such as X-rays, gamma rays and alpha particles may cause DNA breakage and other damages. Ultraviolet radiations with wavelength above 260 nm are absorbed strongly by bases, producing pyrimidine dimers. Radioactive decay, such as 14C in DNA which decays into nitrogen.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give one example of point mutation.
Answer the following question.
Two children, A and B aged 4 and 5 years respectively visited a hospital with a similar genetic disorder. The girl A was provided enzyme-replacement therapy and was advised to revisit periodically for further treatment. The girl, B was, however, given a therapy that did not require revisit for further treatment.
Name the ailments the two girls were suffering from?
Answer the following question.
Two children, A and B aged 4 and 5 years respectively visited a hospital with a similar genetic disorder. The girl A was provided enzyme-replacement therapy and was advised to revisit periodically for further treatment. The girl, B was, however, given a therapy that did not require revisit for further treatment.
Why did the treatment provided to girl A required repeated visits?
Answer the following question.
Two children, A and B aged 4 and 5 years respectively visited a hospital with a similar genetic disorder. The girl A was provided enzyme-replacement therapy and was advised to revisit periodically for further treatment. The girl, B was, however, given a therapy that did not require revisit for further treatment.
How was the girl B cured permanently?
Match List I with List II.
| List I | List II | ||
| A. | A pair of chromosomes extra with diploid | i) | monosomy |
| B. | One chromosome extra to the diploid | ii) | tetrasomy |
| C. | One chromosome loses from diploid | iii) | trisomy |
| D. | Two individual chromosomes lose from diploid | iv) | double monosomy |
Match list I with list II.
| List I | List II | ||
| A. | A pair of chromosomes extra with diploid | i) | monosomy |
| B. | One chromosome extra to the diploid | ii) | tetrasomy |
| C. | One chromosome loses from diploid | iii) | trisomy |
| D. | Two individual chromosomes lose from diploid | iv) | double monosomy |
Match list I with list II.
| List I | List II |
| A. A pair of chromosomes extra with diploid | i) Monosomy |
| B. One chromosome extra to the diploid | ii) Tetrasomy |
| C. One chromosome loses a diploid | iii) Trisomy |
| D. Two individual chromosomes lose their diploid | iv) Double chromosome |
Match list I with list II.
| List I | List II | ||
| A. | A pair of chromosomes extra with diploid | i) | monosomy |
| B. | One chromosome extra to the diploid | ii) | tetrasomy |
| C. | One chromosome loses from diploid | iii) | trisomy |
| D. | Two individual chromosomes lose from diploid | iv) | double monosomy |
What is the classic example of a point mutation?
What mechanism causes a frameshift mutation?
Which of the following is also called a 'gross mutation' or 'macro mutation'?
What is the primary mechanism by which UV radiation causes mutations?
What is an example of an alkylating agent that causes mutation?
Which chemical mutagen is a base analogue that replaces thymine?
Which type of chemical mutagen causes frameshift mutations?
Which physical mutagens are classified as ionizing radiation?
How does DDT resistance in mosquitoes exemplify the evolutionary importance of mutations?
What structural or numerical changes can occur in chromosomal mutations?
