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प्रश्न
Have you ever been on a trip to any place in India, where you didn’t know the language spoken locally? How did you feel? How did you manage to communicate?
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उत्तर
During my tour to Tamil Nadu, I happened to visit a small village. It is near the temple town of Kanchipuram. Actually, I went there to buy some sarees for my mother and my elder sister. I went to a handloom shop. The shopkeeper welcomed me with folded hands and wished ‘namaskaram’. I did the same. I said ‘sarees ’. He responded by saying “ilia’ or ‘Yella or something like that. He said something to the helpers. I could not understand even a word. Many new sarees of different colours were laid before me. I picked up one and asked the price. He raised three fingers—I couldn’t make out whether he was asking for three hundred or three thousand. A man who knew some Hindi saved me from the embarrassment. I paid six thousand and bought two sarees. Only then I realised that I was a stranger in my own country and I determined to learn at least one language that is spoken in South India.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Listen to a speech by the honourable former President of India, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, on his 'Vision for India'. While listening, fill up the following details.
a . The following countries captured our lands and conquered our minds.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b . His first vision had been that of ---------------
c . His second vision was -----------------------
d . The three scientists who worked with him at ISRO were -------------------------------------------
e . India leads in --------------------------- and is the second largest producer of ----------------------
Working in groups of four, write the article on the following :
The elderly seek attention and company from younger members of their family. They are eager to listen and long to share their life experiences. John A Pescud is not only respectful but also very patient with Colonel Allyn, Jessie’s father. As a reporter, write an article for a newspaper, on the importance of the elderly in our lives.
Roads are fascinating as metaphors for life, change, journeys, partings,
adventure, etc. or simply as roads. This is probably why they, and all their
attendant images, have permeated art, literature and songs. In the poem, Frost
uses the fork in the road as a metaphor for the choices we make in life. Thus the
roads are, in fact, two alternative ways of life. What other nouns, according to
you could be used to represent life?
River
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
On the basis of your understanding of the poem, answer the following question
by ticking the correct choice.
The seven roles that a man plays correspond to his __
You already know the two literary devices generally used by writers and poets for comparison, i.e. metaphor and simile.
e.g. a) He was a lion in the battle, (metaphor)
b) He fought like a lion, (simile)
In (a) the writer talks of the soldier in terms of a lion. The comparison is implied.
In (b) the writer compares the soldier to a lion with the use of the word like, (as may also be used for such comparisons.)
Read the poem again and note down the metaphors and similes. Complete the following chart.
| Reference | Metaphor | Simile |
| world | all the world's a stage | |
| men, women | ||
| school-boy | ||
| lover | ||
| soldier | ||
| reputation | ||
| voice |
Which comparison(s) do you find most interesting? Why?
The poet draws conclusions about the family without having met them. He does this in lines such as :
Something went wrong, says the empty house
in the weed-choked yard ...
This is a style of English that is very suitable for a poem. But in ordinary speech or writing we use expressions such as :
|
So it is Therefore it is |
probable likely possible |
that |
| It |
seems appears |
that....... | because..... |
| This suggests that ... |
For example, we could say :
• There are large shoes in the farmhouse. So it is likely that the farmer was a big man.
• It seems that they had a child, because there is a sandbox made from a tractor tyre.
• The kitchen shelves were covered with oil cloth. This suggests that a woman lived in the farmhouse.
Make other sentences like this, using ideas from the poem.
Answer the following question briefly.
Why does Jeanne want to buy a villa?
Answer the following question briefly.
Who is better business person - Juliette or Gaston? substantiate your view with
examples from the text.
Simple Past and Past Continuous
There was a burglary in your neighbourhood. You saw something suspicious.
Tell the police officer all about it by filling in the blanks choosing the correct
forms of the words from the options given below.
It (a) was raining last night. I (b) _________ TV. I (c) _________ a little restless. I (d) _________ to the window and was looking out when I (e) _________ that Mr Sharma, my neighbour (f) _________ near the door. I thought he had gone to shut it. I also (g) _________ Mrs Sharma walking up and down in her garden. Then I heard Mr Sharma calling his wife to come in. I (h) _________ back to my table and opened my book. I (i) _________ when I heard a thud and a scream. I (j) _________ out of the house and saw a man in a black coat and hat running towards the gate. Mr and Mrs Sharma (k) _________ in the street. I saw a car speeding away with the burglar.
(a) (i) raining (ii) was raining (iii) were raining (iv) rained
(b) (i) were watching (ii) watched (iii) was watching (iv) watching
(c) (i) has felt (ii) felt (iii) was feeling (iv) feel
(d) (i) had gone (ii) went (iii) was going (iv) gone
(e) (i) noticing (ii) was noticing (iii) were noticing (iv) noticed
(f) (i) stood (ii) were standing (iii) was standing (iv) were stood
(g) (i) seeing (ii) saw (iii) was seeing (iv) seen
(h) (i) had come (ii) was coming (iii) came (iv) were came
(i) (i) hadread (ii) was reading (iii) were reading (iv) read
m (i) rushed (ii) was rushing (iii) were rushed (iv) rushing
(k) (i) had screamed (ii) was screaming (iii) screamed (iv) were screaming
Now that you have seen some techniques for creating vivid images with language, try to compose a poem or write a short descriptive paragraph using similes and colourful expressions. Work in pairs if you prefer. Then read it out to the class.
Choose one of these themes: waves, stars and moon, rocks, sunset or sunrise.
Consider the following for your chosen theme:
• What does it look like?
• What does it feel like?
• What does it sound like?
• How does it move?
• Where do we see it?
• When do we see it?
Listen carefully to 'Meet the personality of the month programme' read out by teacher/ student from the page no 167 and as you are listening fill in the details.
ENVIRONMENTALIST: Mr Manu Srivastava
Causes of pollution
1. Atmosphere
|
a__________________ |
2. water
|
a___________________ |
3. Effects of pollution
| a________________ _________________ b________________ ________________ |
Human Rights activist- Ms.Shraddha Shankar
Reasons for working in the factory
| a. ____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ |
Effects
| a________________ _________________ b________________ _________________ c________________ _________________ |
Steps which can be taken
| a________________ _________________ b________________ _________________ c________________ _________________ |
The teacher/ student will read out the Radio programme again. Fill in as much information as you can in the following table. Then exchange information with your partner to complete the table.
RADIO SHOW
| Content of programme | Details |
| 1. School News | . |
| . | |
| . | |
| . | |
| 2. Jokes | . |
| 3. 'Meet the Teacher' | . |
| . | |
| . | |
| 4. Advert Time | . |
| . | |
| . | |
| 5. Safety at School | . |
| . |
The table below provides you with a list of modals that are used to express necessity and permission.
| Necessity I obligation | Permission |
|
Positive must obeying have to authority need to ought to right thing should to do |
Positive can (less formal) may (more formal)
|
|
Negative must not cannot ought not to |
Negative need not do not have to
|
Duties and privileges of an Environment Monitor.
e.g. You must ensure that the campus is clean.
Did you know?
should and ought to have similar meanings. They show obligation or duty. However there is a slight difference in meaning.
ought to has an objective meaning whereas should is more subjective.
We ought to / should save water.
We ought to save money but we are unable to. (In this sentence should will not be appropriate.).
Look at the picture below and list some phrases and words that come to your mind when you look at it.
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick mark the most appropriate meaning for the given word :
(i) Infatuated (Para 1}
• fond
• influenced
• disliked
• addicted
(ii) Melancholy (Para 2)
• happy
• sad
• worried
• disappointed
(iii) Petrified (Para 6}
• horrified
• motionless
• stunned
• anxious
(iv) Gravity (Para 7}
• mischievous
• seriousness
• joyfulness
• greatness
What do the following phrases mean?
• We are the children
• There's a choice we're making.
We're saving our own lives ...
• Well, send them your heart
So they know that someone cares ...
• Change can only come
When we stand together
As one ...
As children of the world, you have a role in helping to solve the problems prevalent in society. In groups or four, prepare a short skit on any one problem and present it in front of the class.
When both students have completed their half of the table above, exchange information, by asking and answering questions e.g.
1. What's the weight of the football?
2. When do you get a penalty in hockey?
As you receive information from your partner, write it down in the other half of the table above. (Do not let your partner look at your table!)
Study the following sentences. Select the one underlined word which is incorrect. Write the incorrect word in the boxes provided. One has been done as an example.
e.g. Advertisements can be extremely useful if they were honest and help you decide what to buy.
| were |
(a) For example, if you break your pen, but want to buy another, the first thing to do is look at advertisements.
(b) This will help you choose the good type of pen.
(c) However, advertisements can be harmful when it try to exploit the public.
(d) It had found that young people, especially teenagers, are affected the most by advertisements.
