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प्रश्न
Give a brief description of the principle of the following technique taking an example.
Distillation
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उत्तर
Distillation is used to separate volatile liquids from non-volatile impurities or a mixture of those liquids that have a sufficient difference in their boiling points.
Principle:
It is based on the fact that liquids having different boiling points vapourise at different temperatures. The vapours are then cooled and the liquids so formed are collected separately.
For example, a mixture of chloroform (b.p = 334 K) and aniline (b.p = 457 K) can be separated by the method of distillation. The mixture is taken in a round bottom flask fitted with a condenser. It is then heated. Chloroform, being more volatile, vaporizes first and passes into the condenser. In the condenser, the vapours condense and chloroform trickles down. In the round bottom flask, aniline is left behind.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
How is distillation more advantageous than evaporation?
On what principle are the following methods of separation based? Give one example of a mixture for each of the methods mentioned in which they are used
Fractional distillation :
Write an answer to the following question in your own words.
Where are the methods of separation by distillation and by separating funnel used? Why?
State the correct technique for the separation of the following mixture.
a low boiling point liquid from a high boiling point liquid.
Pure water from impure water
- Give the principle involved in the separation of the mixture
- Give the technique of separation of the mixture.
Choose the correct option.
Which of the following methods can be used to separate two compounds with different solubilities in the same solvent?
Choose the correct option.
Which of the following techniques is used for the separation of glycerol from soap in the soap industry?
What will happen if the upper outlet of the condenser is connected to the tap instead of the lower outlet?
What is the difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?
Define Distillation
Alcohol can be separated from water by ______.
Which of the tubes in Fig. 2.1 (a) and (b) will be more effective as a condenser in the distillation apparatus?
Assertion (A): Simple distillation can help in separating a mixture of propan-1-ol (boiling point 97°C) and propanone (boiling point 56°C).
Reason (R): Liquids with a difference of more than 20°C in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillation.
Two liquids (A) and (B) can be separated by the method of fractional distillation. The boiling point of liquid (A) is less than boiling point of liquid (B). Which of the liquids do you expect to come out first in the distillate? Explain.
Draw a diagram of bubble plate type fractionating column. When do we require such type of a column for separating two liquids. Explain the principle involved in the separation of components of a mixture of liquids by using fractionating column. What industrial applications does this process have?
What is distillation?
A mixture of benzene and chloroform is separated by ______.
