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प्रश्न
Give a brief description of the principle of the following technique taking an example.
Distillation
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उत्तर
Distillation is used to separate volatile liquids from non-volatile impurities or a mixture of those liquids that have a sufficient difference in their boiling points.
Principle:
It is based on the fact that liquids having different boiling points vapourise at different temperatures. The vapours are then cooled and the liquids so formed are collected separately.
For example, a mixture of chloroform (b.p = 334 K) and aniline (b.p = 457 K) can be separated by the method of distillation. The mixture is taken in a round bottom flask fitted with a condenser. It is then heated. Chloroform, being more volatile, vaporizes first and passes into the condenser. In the condenser, the vapours condense and chloroform trickles down. In the round bottom flask, aniline is left behind.
संबंधित प्रश्न
How will you separate a mixture containing kerosene and petrol (difference in their boiling points is more than 25°C), which are miscible with each other?
How would you confirm that a colourless liquid given to you is pure water?
What is the difference between distillation, distillation under reduced pressure and steam distillation ?
How is distillation more advantageous than evaporation?
On what principle are the following methods of separation based? Give one example of a mixture for each of the methods mentioned in which they are used
Fractional distillation :
Give one word answer
The liquid which evaporates and then condenses during the process of distillation
Give one word answer
The process by which two miscible liquids are separated
Give a scientific reason.
A wet cloth is wrapped around a water storage container in summer.
Explain the difference between Separation by distillation and by separating funnel.
Methyl alcohol and water
- Give the principle involved in the separation of the mixture
- Give the technique of separation of the mixture.
Choose the correct option.
Which of the following techniques is used for the separation of glycerol from soap in the soap industry?
Choose the correct option.
A mixture of acetone and benzene can be separated by the following method:
What is the difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?
Define Distillation
Which of the tubes in Fig. 2.1 (a) and (b) will be more effective as a condenser in the distillation apparatus?
Assertion (A): Simple distillation can help in separating a mixture of propan-1-ol (boiling point 97°C) and propanone (boiling point 56°C).
Reason (R): Liquids with a difference of more than 20°C in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillation.
Draw a diagram of bubble plate type fractionating column. When do we require such type of a column for separating two liquids. Explain the principle involved in the separation of components of a mixture of liquids by using fractionating column. What industrial applications does this process have?
Explain the factors, which will affect the rate of evaporation, taking examples from our daily life experiences.
