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प्रश्न
Explain the following reaction with an example.
Saponification
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उत्तर
When an ester is heated with dilute sodium hydroxide (an alkali) solution, it gets converted back to the original alcohol and sodium salt of the original carboxylic acid. Such a reaction is known as saponification.
\[\ce{Ester + Sodium hydroxide ->[Heat] Sodium carboxylate + Alcohol}\]
E.g. Ethyl ethanoate and sodium hydroxide react to give sodium ethanoate and ethanol.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
For preparing soap in the laboratory we require an oil and a base. Which of the following combinations of an oil and a base would be best suited for the preparation of soap?
(a) Castor oil and calcium hydroxide
(b) Turpentine oil and sodium hydroxide
(c) Castor oil and sodium hydroxide
(d) Mustard oil and calcium hydroxide
You have four test tubes, A, B, C and D containing sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, lime water and blue litmus solutions respectively. Out of these the material of which test tube/ test tubes would be suitable for the correct test of acetic/ethanoic acid?
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) B and C
(d) A and D
Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the following:
Acetic acid ..................
What is the common name of methanol?
If you are asked to report your observations about the following two properties of acetic acid, what would you report?
(i) Odour
(ii) Effect on litmus
A student is studying the properties of acetic acid. List two physical properties of acetic acid he observes. What happens when he adds a pinch of sodium hydrogen carbonate to this acid? Write any two observations.
A student takes Na2CO3 powder in a test tube and pours some drops of acetic acid over it. He observes:
(A) no reaction in the test tube
(B) colourless gas with pungent smell
(C) bubbles of a colourless and odourless gas
(D) white fumes with smell of vinegar
Name the following:
A toxic alcohol
Write three physical properties of acetic acid.
Write a balanced equation for the following:
Write the equation for the preparation of ethylene from ethyl alcohol.
Write the chemical equation for the following:
Combustion of methane
Write a balanced chemical equation for the following:
Monochloroethane is hydrolysed with aqueous KOH.
Rewrite the following statement by selecting the correct option.
The formula of ethanoic acid is _____________.
Assertion (A): Esterification is a process in which a sweet-smelling substance is produced.
Reason (R): When esters react with sodium hydroxide an alcohol and sodium salt of carboxylic acid are obtained.
Which of these is not an organic acid?
Which of the following represents saponification reaction?
Draw the structural diagram of:
Ethanoic acid
Bubbles are seen in the test tube during the preparation of lime water.
Give the balanced chemical equation of the following reaction:
Neutralization of NaOH with ethanoic acid.
