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प्रश्न
Explain the following reaction with an example.
Saponification
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उत्तर
When an ester is heated with dilute sodium hydroxide (an alkali) solution, it gets converted back to the original alcohol and sodium salt of the original carboxylic acid. Such a reaction is known as saponification.
\[\ce{Ester + Sodium hydroxide ->[Heat] Sodium carboxylate + Alcohol}\]
E.g. Ethyl ethanoate and sodium hydroxide react to give sodium ethanoate and ethanol.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Consider the following comments about saponification reactions:
I. Heat is evolved in these reactions.
II. For quick precipitation of soap, sodium chloride is added to the reaction mixtures.
III. Saponification reactions are a special kind of neutralisation reactions.
IV. Soaps are basic salts of long-chain fatty acids.
The correct comments are
(a) I, II and III
(b) II, III and IV
(c) I, II and IV
(d) Only I and IV
List two uses of esters.
Give the common names and IUPAC names of the following compounds of CH3COOH.
Name the gas evolved when ethanoic acid is added to sodium carbonate. How would you prove the presence of this gas?
An organic compound X of molecular formula C2H4O2 gives brisk effervescence with sodium hydrogen carbonate. Give the name and formula of X.
Consider the following organic compounds:
HCHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH, C2H5CI
Choose two compounds which can react in the presence of conc. H2SO4 to form an ester. Give the name and formula of the ester formed.
Name the product formed and give the appropriate chemical equation for the following:
Sodium reacting with ethyl alcohol.
What do you observe when acetic acid is added to sodium bicarbonate?
A student is studying the properties of acetic acid in his school laboratory. List two physical and two chemical properties which he must observe and note in his record book.
Write three physical properties of acetic acid.
State are relevant observations for following reactant:
Addition of ethyl alcohol to acetic acid in presence of conc. H2SO4
Convert ethane to acetic acid.
Write the answers to the questions by observing the following figure.
- Write the chemical reaction shown in the figure above in the form of a balanced equation.
- Write the name of the gas coming out of the large test tube in the above chemical reaction.
- Why do small bubbles appear in the small test tube?
- What is the change in colour of lime water?
Ester is formed by the reaction between ______.
Reshu by mistake forgot to label the two test tubes containing Ethanol and Ethanoic acid. Suggest an experiment to identify the substances correctly? Illustrate the reactions with the help of chemical equations.
Write the chemical equation for the ethanol to ethanoic acid of an oxidation reaction.
Give the balanced chemical equation of the following reaction:
Neutralization of NaOH with ethanoic acid.
Give the balanced chemical equation of the following reaction:
Combustion of ethanol.
Give the balanced chemical equation of the following reaction:
Neutralization of NaOH with ethanoic acid.
