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प्रश्न
Explain structure of modern periodic table in short.
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उत्तर
- The modern periodic table consists of seven horizontal rows called the periods and eighteen vertical columns called the groups.
- The arrangement of the periods and groups forms boxes, with each box corresponding to the position of an element.
- Atomic numbers are serially indicated in the upper part of these boxes.
- In addition to these seven rows, the lanthanide and actinide series are shown separately at the bottom of the periodic table. The first row is the lanthanide series, and the second row is the actinide series.
- There are 118 boxes in the periodic table, including the two series. vi. The entire periodic table is divided into four blocks: s-block, p-block, d-block and f-block.
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- s-block: contains group 1 and 2 elements
- p-block: contains groups 13 to 18 elements
- d-block: contains groups 3 to 12 elements (transition elements)
- f-block: contains the lanthanide and actinide series
- A zig-zag line is drawn in the p-block of the periodic table. Metals lie on the left side while nonmetals lie on the right side of this line. Metalloids lie along the border of this line.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Name two elements you would expect to show chemical reactions similar to magnesium. What is the basis for your choice?
The position of three elements A, B and C in the Periodic Table are shown below –
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Group 16
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Group 17
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A
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B
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C
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(a) State whether A is a metal or non-metal.
(b) State whether C is more reactive or less reactive than A.
(c) Will C be larger or smaller in size than B?
(d) Which type of ion, cation or anion, will be formed by element A?
Write the names given to the vertical columns and horizontal rows in the Modern Periodic Table. How does the metallic character of elements vary on moving down a vertical column? How does the size of atomic radius vary on moving left to right in a horizontal row? Give reason in support of your answer in the above two cases.
What is meant by a period, in a periodic table?
Give two example of group 17 elements.
Which of the following statement about the modern periodic table is correct?
(a) It has 18 horizontal rows known as periods.
(b) It has 7 vertical columns known as periods.
(c) It has 18 vertical columns known as groups.
(d) It has 7 horizontal rows known as groups.
What is the usual number of valence electrons in the atoms of the last element in a period?
What is the usual number of valence electrons and valency of group 18 elements of the periodic table?
Helium and neon are unreactive gases. What, if anything, do their atoms have in common?
What are the advantages of the periodic table?
What are horizontal rows and vertical columns in a periodic table known as?
Name the type of elements which have two electrons in the outermost orbit.
Arrange the elements of second and third periods in increasing order of their atomic size.
Third Period.
Answer the following in respect of element `31/15 P`
Give its electronic configuration
State the modern periodic law.
What is the number of elements in the 3rd period, of the modern periodic table?
How does number of (i) valence electrons (ii) valency; vary on moving from left to right in the second period of a periodic table?
Two elements P and Q belong to the same period of the modern periodic table and are in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Compare the following characteristics in the tabular form.
- Number of electrons in their atoms
- Their tendency to lose electrons
- Their metallic characters
- Formation of their oxides
- Formulae of their chlorides
Give the symbol and valency of the following element and radical.
Hydrogen
Give the symbol and valency of the following element and radical.
Calcium
Give the symbol and valency of the following element and radical.
Magnesium
Give the symbol and valency of the following element and radical.
Sulphite
Name the following:
The group of the Modern Periodic Table to which calcium [Ca2+] belongs.
How were elements arranged in the long form of the periodic table or the Modern Periodic Table?
Right or wrong sentence.
The modern periodic table has 1 to 7 periods.
Right or wrong sentence.
To the left of the zig-zag line in the periodic table are the metal elements.
Write an explanation.
Period
______ is the longest period in the periodical table.
The scientist who propounded the modern periodic law is ______.
The element which has the least tendency to lose electrons is ______
Which of the following elements does not lose an electron easily?
Which of the following elements will form an acidic oxide?
An element X which is a yellow solid at room temperature shows catenation and allotropy. X forms two oxides which are also formed during the thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate crystals and are the major air pollutants.
- Identify the element X
- Write the electronic configuration of X
- Write the balanced chemical equation for the thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate crystals?
- What would be the nature (acidic/ basic) of oxides formed?
- Locate the position of the element in the Modern Periodic Table.
An element has the atomic number 12.
- Write the electric configuration.
- To which group and period does it belong.
Select the appropriate options and complete the following paragraph:
(metals, non-metals, metalloids, four, seven, s-block, p-block, d-block, f-block).
On the basis of electronic configuration, elements in the modern periodic table are classified Into ______ blocks. Groups 1 and 2 elements are included in ______ and all these elements are metals. (except Hydrogen). Group 13 to 18 elements are included in ______. This block contains metals, non-metals and metalloids. Group 3 to 12 elements are included in ______ and all the elements are ______ elements shown at the bottom of the periodic table i.e. Lanthanides and Actinides constitute ______ and all these elements are metals.
1H2 is an isotope of hydrogen. In the modern Periodic Table it will ______.
Name the metalloids in the first twenty elements.
Name the following metal:
A metal present in period 3, group 1 of the periodic table.
