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प्रश्न
Explain price elasticity of demand.
Explain Price Elasticity of Demand. Draw the various degrees of it with diagrams.
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उत्तर
Price Elasticity of Demand (PED) examines how sensitive the quantity looked for of a commodity is to a change in its price while maintaining all other factors constant.
`E_p = ("% Change in Quantity Demanded")/("% Change in Price")`
`E_p = (DeltaQ"/"Q)/(DeltaP"/"P)`
where:
- Ep = Price Elasticity of Demand
- ΔQ = Change in Quantity Demanded
- ΔP = Change in Price
- Q = Initial Quantity Demanded
- P = Initial Price
Degrees of Price Elasticity of Demand:
- Perfectly Elastic Demand: The quantity demanded changes infinitely in response to a very slight change in price. For example, Highly competitive markets for identical products.
- Horizontal demand curve.
- Infinite responsiveness to price changes.
- Perfectly inelastic Demand: The quantity demanded remains constant, regardless of changes in prices. For example, life-saving drugs and essential goods such as salt.
- Vertical demand curve.
- Zero responsiveness to price changes.
- Unitary Elastic Demand: Percentage change in quantity demanded is exactly equal to the percentage change in price. For example, certain everyday goods.
-
Demand changes exactly in proportion to price changes.
-
- Relatively Elastic Demand: Percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price. For example, luxury goods, electronics.
- High responsiveness to price changes.
- Relatively Inelastic Demand: Percentage change in quantity demanded is less than the percentage change in price. For example, necessities like milk and water.
- Low responsiveness to price changes.
Notes
Students should refer to the answer according to the question.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Income elasticity of demand for inferior goods is negative.
Demand for the commodity having multiple uses has elastic demand.
Price elasticity of demand of goods X is -2 and goods Y is -3. Which of the two goods is more price elastic and why?
What will be the effect of 10 percent rise in price of a good on its demand if price elasticity of demand is (a) Zero, (b)-1, (c)-2.
A consumer spends Rs 60 on a good priced at Rs 5 per unit. When price rises by 20 percent, the consumer continues to spend Rs 60 on the good. Calculate the price elasticity of demand by percentage method.
A consumer spends Rs 100 on a good priced at Rs 4 per unit. When price rises by 50 percent, the consumer continues to spend Rs 100 on the good. Calculate the price elasticity of demand by percentage method
A consumer spends Rs 1,000 on a good priced at Rs10 per unit. When its price falls by 20 percent, the consumer spends Rs800 on the good. Calculate the price elasticity of demand by the Percentage method
When the price of good rises from Rs10 to Rs12 per unit, its demand falls from 25 units to 20 units. What can you say about price elasticity of demand of the good through the 'expenditure approach'?
Explain any 'two methods' of measuring price elasticity of demand.
A consumer spends Rs 200 on a good priced at Rs 5 per unit. When the price falls by 20 percent, he continues to spend Rs 200. Find the price elasticity of demand by percentage method.
8 units of a good are demanded at a price of Rs 7 per unit. Price elasticity of demand is (−) 1. How many units will be demanded if the price rises to Rs 8 per unit? Use expenditure approach of price elasticity of demand to answer this question.
Define or explain the following concept.
Unitary elastic demand.
State whether the following statement is True or False :
Concept of elasticity of demand is useful for finance minister.
What is the elasticity of demand?
Give reasons or explain the following statements
Demand for basic necessities is inelastic.
Fill in the blanks with appropriate alternatives given in the bracket.
Demand elasticity can be measured from demand curve by ___________ method.
What do you mean by a normal good?
What do you mean by an ‘inferior good’? Give some examples.
What do you mean by substitutes? Give examples of two goods which are complements of each other.
What do you mean by complements? Give examples of two goods which are complements of each other.
Consider the demand curve D(p) = 10 − 3p. What is the elasticity at price `5/3` ?
Fill in the blank with appropriate alternatives given below:
Income elasticity of demand for inferior goods is __________.
Fill in the blank with appropriate alternatives given below:
Cross elasticity of demand is applicable to ____________ goods.
State whether the following statement is TRUE and FALSE.
Demand for luxuries is elastic.
State whether the following statement is TRUE and FALSE.
Perfectly inelastic demand curve is parallel to the X axis.
Define or explain the following concept:
Unitary Elastic Demand
Define or explain the following concept:
Income Elasticity of Demand
Give reason or explain the following statement:
Demand for commodity having multiple uses has elastic demand.
State whether the following statement is true or false. Give valid reasons in support of your answer.
The coefficient of price elasticity of demand for the commodity is inversely related to the number of alternative uses of the commodity.
State whether the following statement is true or false. Give valid reasons in support of your answer.
Luxury goods often have lower price elasticity of demand.
Arrange the following coefficients of price elasticity of demand in ascending order:
(−) 3.1, (−) 0.2, (−) 1.1
Give an economic term:
Elasticity resulting from a proportionate change in quantity demanded due to a proportionate change in price.
Assertion (A): Elasticity of demand explains that one variable is influenced by another variable.
Reasoning (R): The concept of elasticity of demand indicates the effect of price and changes in other factors on demand.
Elasticity of demand is equal to one indicates
What are the methods of measuring Elasticity of demand?
Identify the correct pair of items from the following Columns I and II:
| Columns I | Columns II |
| (1) Perfectly elastic supply | (a) Es > 1 |
| (2) Perfectly inelastic supply | (b) Es < 1 |
| (3) Unitary elastic supply | (c) Es = 1 |
| (4) Relatively elastic supply | (d) Es = 0 |
Identify the correctly matched pair from the items in Column A by matching them to the items in Column B:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| 1 | Relatively Inelastic Demand | (a) | ed > 1 |
| 2 | Relatively Elastic Demand | (b) | ed < 1 |
| 3 | Perfectly Inelastic Demand | (c) | ed = 0 |
| 4 | Perfectly Elastic Demand | (d) | ed = 1 |
Assertion (A): Elasticity of demand explains that one variable is influenced by another variable.
Reasoning (R): The concept of elasticity of demand indicates the effect of price and changes in other factors on demand.
Price elasticity of demand is defined as the percentage change in the quantity demanded of a commodity divided by the percentage change in the price of that commodity.
When is the demand for a good said to be elastic?
What is meant by elastic demand?
What does elasticity of demand measure?
Which statement about the law of demand and elasticity of demand is true?
