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महाराष्ट्र राज्य शिक्षण मंडळएचएससी विज्ञान (सामान्य) इयत्ता १२ वी

D∫6x3+5x2-73x2-2x-1 dx

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प्रश्न

`int (6x^3 + 5x^2 - 7)/(3x^2 - 2x - 1)  "d"x`

बेरीज
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उत्तर

Let I = `int (6x^2 + 5x^2 - 7)/(3x^2 - 2x - 1)  "d"x`

                         2x + 3
`3x^2 - 2x - 1")"overline(6x^3 + 5x^2 + 0x - 7`
                        6x3  −  4x2  − 2x
                        (−)      (+)      (+)      
                                   9x2 + 2x − 7
                                   9x2 − 6x − 3
                                   (−)    (+)   (+)
                                             8x −  4

∴ I = `int (2x + 3 + (8x - 4)/(3x^2 - 2x - 1))  "d"x`

3x2 – 2x – 1 = 3x2 – 3x + x – 1

= 3x(x – 1) + 1(x – 1)

= (x – 1)(3 x + 1)

∴ I = `int[2x + 3 + (8x - 4)/((x - 1)(3x + 1))]  "d"x`

Let `(8x - 4)/((x - 1)(3x + 1)) = "A"/(x - 1) + "B"/(3x + 1)`

∴ 8x – 4 = A(3x + 1) + B(x – 1)   ........(i)

Putting x = 1 in (i), we get

4 = 4A

∴ A = 1

Putting x = `(-1)/3` in (i), we get

`8(-1/3) - 4 = "B"(-1/3 - 1)`

∴ `(-20)/3 = -4/3 "B"`

∴ B = 5

∴ `(8x - 4)/((x - 1)(3x + 1)) = 1/(x - 1) + 5/(3x + 1)`

∴ I = `int (2x + 3 + 1/(x - 1) + 5/(3x + 1))  "d"x`

= `2 int x  "d"x + 3 int  "d"x + int 1/(x - 1)  "d"x + 5/3 int 3/(3x  + 1)  "d"x`

= `2(x^2/2) + 3x + log|x + 1| + (5log|3x + 1|)/3 + "c"`

∴ I = `x^2 + 3x + log|x - 1| + 5/3 log|3x + 1| + "c"`

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पाठ 2.3: Indefinite Integration - Short Answers II

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