SCERT Maharashtra solutions for साइंस एण्ड टेक्नॉलोजी पार्ट २ [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १० महाराष्ट्र राज्य बोर्ड chapter 7 - Introduction to Microbiology [Latest edition]

______ acid is used in the production of vitamins.

Nowadays, ___________ are used for treatment of diarrhoea and treatment of poultry also.

Yoghurt is a milk product produced with the help of ___________.

__________ is a powerful antibiotic against treatment of tuberculosis.

_________ is used in the commercial bakery industry.

________ is a substance obtained by microbial processing that functions as an artificial sweetener.

The taste of butter is due to the compound ______ in it.

A cheese that has hardened slightly after keeping for three to twelve months is ______. 

A drink made by fermenting apple juice is called ______.

The group of bacteria used to break down oil spills is called ______.

Find an odd one out.

Find an odd one out.

Find an odd one out.

Find an odd one out.

Find an odd one out.

Find an odd one out.

Find the odd one out.

Cheese, Wine, Butter, Kefir, Yoghurt

Find the odd one out.

Actinomycetes, Streptomyces, Geobacter nocardia, Actinoplanes

An enzyme obtained from fungi to produce vegetarian cheese.

Biodegradable plastic used for storing the garbage.

A clean (smokeless) fuel.

Vinegar means 4% ___________.

Microbes used along with artificial nitrogenase in organic farming.

Lactobacillus : Yoghurt : : Baker’s yeast : _______________

Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Ethanol : : Aspergillus oryzae : ________________

Lactic acid : To impart acidity : : Beta carotene : _____________________

Gaseous fuel : Coal gas : : ___________ : Coal

Shelf life of yogurt can be increased by pasteurization.

Vinegar is used to bring sweetness in food products.

Methane gas is produced by microbial oxidation of industrial waste.

Spinosad is a biopesticide.

Sulphuric acid is a source of energy for some species of bacteria like Acidophillium.

Microbes have the natural ability of decomposing the man-made chemicals.

Antibiotics cannot be obtained from a variety of bacteria and fungi.

Match the following.

Match the following.

Match the following.

Which fungus is used to make soya sauce by fermentation?

Why does the process of dirt removal occur in detergents even at low temperature?

What is added to impart thickness to instant soup?

Which chemical substances get mixed with the soil by adding chemical pesticides and insecticides in the agricultural industry?

Which microbes convert uranium to its insoluble salts?

Give scientific reason.

Probiotics have got more importance in recent times.

Give scientific reason.

Bread and other products made using commercial yeast are nutritious.

Give scientific reason.

Microbial enzymes are eco-friendly.

Give scientific reason.

A biofuel is an important tool in renewable energy sources.

Give scientific reason.

The landfill pit is lined with plastic sheets.

Give scientific reason.

Microorganisms are used to control the effects of sea oil spills.

Write a short note.

Probiotics

Write a short note.

Microbial Enzymes

Write a short note.

Bio-fuels

Write a short note.

Land filling sites

Write a short note.

Microbial inoculants

Write a short note.

Bioinsecticides

Write a short note.

Yoghurt

Write a short note.

Types of cheese

Write a short note.

Bio-fuels

Complete the concept map.

In industries microbial enzymes are used over chemical enzymes.

How is soil pollution controlled by microbes?

Why should we use bioinsecticides?

Explain – Importance of microbes in sewage (water) treatment in cities.

How are microbes useful in land filling for solid waste management?

Which fuels do we get from microbes?

What is the importance of probiotics to humans?

What is the use of antibiotics to human and other animals?

What are the benefits of microbial inoculation in plants?

Explain products made from microbes and their uses.

Briefly explain the environmental role of microorganisms in pollution control?

What products do you get from microorganisms through the fermentation process? Explain with an example.

Explain biofuel production with the help of diagram.

Observe the figure and write the answers to the questions asked.

1. Write the name of the fungus in the figure above.
2. What is the source of these fungi?
3. Which organic acid obtained from this organism is used in commercial production?

Observe the figure and write the answers to the questions asked.

1. Name the above figure.
2. What is it used for?
3. Which gas is formed in it?
4. How is this gas formed?
5. What is done with sewage?

Complete the paragraph by selecting the appropriate option in parentheses.

(energy, microbial, erosion-proof, reused, purification, environmentally friendly)

Nowadays, instead of chemical catalysts, _______ enzymes are used in the chemical industry. These enzymes are active at low temperature, pH and pressure; due to which _______ is saved and _______ instruments are also not necessary. Enzymes carry out specific processes; hence unnecessary by-products are not formed due to which expenses on _______ are minimised. In case of microbial enzymatic reactions elimination and decomposition of waste material is avoided and enzymes can be _______ Hence, such enzymes are _______.

Read the following paragraph and write the answers to the questions asked.

Sulphuric acid is present in the acid rain and materials coming out of mines. You know that erosion of metals present in statues, bridges and buildings occurs due to it. Sulphuric acid is a source of energy for some species of bacteria like Acidiphilium spp. and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Hence, these bacteria can control the soil pollution occurring due to acid rain. Water soluble salts of uranium are present in the wastes produced during electroplating and in effluent released in the environment from the atomic energy plant. Geobacter convert these salts of uranium into insoluble salts and thereby prevent those salts from mixing with groundwater sources.

1. What causes metal erosion in statues, bridges and buildings?
2. Sulphuric acid is the source of energy for which bacteria?
3. What kind of pollution do these bacteria control?
4. What are the water soluble salts in atomic energy plants and in the process of electroplating?
5. Which bacteria prevent these salts from mixing with ground water by converting them Into insoluble salts?

Write the answers to the questions by observing the figure.

1. What type of fuel production process is shown in the figure?
2. Write two examples of each of the solid, liquid and gaseous fuels produced in this fuel production process?
3. How do microorganisms play their role in this process?