D. R. Khullar solutions for जियोग्राफी अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १२ आईएससी chapter 17 - Transport and Communication [Latest edition]

Why is the transport a vital sector of the economy?

“Transport plays an important role in strengthening the social, political and economic unity of India.” Give three reasons in support of this statement.

Discuss three major factors which influence the railways in India.

Give geographical reasons for the following:

A dense network of railways has developed in the North Indian plains

Bring out the differences in the railways of the plain, plateau and mountain areas of India.

Why were the railways extended from the ports to the interior?

Give geographical reasons for the following:

A dense network of railways has developed in the North Indian plains

Give reasons for the following:

Absence of railway network in the north-eastern states.

Why is road transport in India considered more useful than rail transport? State two reasons in support of your answer.

Explain the advantages of road transport?

Explain the disadvantages of road transport?

Define Golden Quardrilateral.

Mention four sides of Golden Quadrilateral.

Define road density.

Explain how road density is different from density of surface roads.

Describe briefly the most important inland waterway of India.

List two advantages of air transport in India.

Discuss the demerits of air transport.

Why are pipelines most suited for transporting petroleum and petroleum products?

Distinguish between port and harbour.

Define communication.

Distinguish between transport and communication.

Discuss the role of radio as a medium of mass-communication.

Discuss the role of television as a medium of mass-communication.

Explain why cellular phones are becoming popular in India.

Discuss three major factors which influence the railways in India.

Give an account of the distributional pattern of railways in India.

Describe geographical factors which have influenced the pattern of roads in India. Support your answer with examples from different parts of India.

Describe regional variations in the density of roads in India.

Describe in detail the Golden Quadrilateral of India.

What is Golden Quadrilateral impact on the economy of the country?

“In recent years Delhi has emerged as a focal point of rail and road transport in India.” Illustrate the statement with examples.

“Road transport in India is not competitive but complementary to rail transport.” Explain this statement by giving suitable arguments in its support.

“Despite the presence of several perennial rivers in India, inland waterways are limited to a few areas only.” Support the above statement with suitable arguments, giving suitable examples wherever necessary.

Compare the railway network with roadway network of India.

Describe different ways in which postal services are useful to masses in India.

Discuss different modes of telecommunication and their use in India.

What is meant by mass communication?

Examine the importance of radio in mass communication.

Examine the importance of television in mass communication.

Discuss the importance of the following in the present day life:

Press and Print Media

Explain the importance of satellite communication in India

Distinguish between transport and communication.

Distinguish between National and State Highways.

Distinguish between Personal communication and mass communication.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

RAILWAY ROUTES AND STATIONS

1. Jammu Tawi to Pune.
2. Amritsar to Kolkata.
3. Delhi to Chennai.
4. Kolkata to Mumbai.
5. Mumbai to Chennai.
6. Chennai to Kolkata.
7. Northernmost railway station of India
   [Hint: Baramula]. 
8. The southernmost railway station of India
   [Hint: Kanniyakumari]. 
9. Konkan Railway.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

RAILWAY ZONES AND THEIR HEADQUARTERS

1. Headquarter of Southern Railway zone.
2. Headquarter of Western Railway zone.
3. Headquarter of Northern Railway zone.
4. Headquarter of Central Railway zone.
5. Headquarter of Central and Western Railway zone.
                                              OR
   A city which is the headquarter of both Central and Western Railways.
   [Hint: Mumbai]
6. A city which is the headquarter of both Eastern and South-Eastern Railways.
   [Hint: Kolkata]

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

NATIONAL HIGHWAYS

1. Delhi-Mumbai side of the Golden Quadrilateral with Jaipur and Surat as the intermediate cities.
2. Chennai-Kolkata side of the Golden Quadrilateral with any two cities in between the two.
3. National Highway No. 1 between Amritsar and Delhi.
4. National Highway No. 3 between Agra and Mumbai.
5. National Highway No. 7 between Varanasi and Kanniyakumari.
6. National Highway No. 15. between Kandla and Sri Ganganagar.
7. The longest National Highway with its terminal cities.
   [Hint: National Highway No. 7 is the longest one which links Varanasi in the north with Kanniyakumari in the South]
8. Northern and Southern terminal city of the National Highway No. 3.
   [Hint: Agra and Mumbai respectively]
9. Northern terminal city of National Highway No. 1.
   [Hint: Amritsar]

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

WATERWAYS

1. Navigable part of the Ganga.
                      OR
   An important Navigable river of northern India.
2. An important inland waterway of north-east India.
   [Hint: Navigable part of the Brahmaputra]
3. The longest river navigation route of south India.
   [Hints: Navigable part of the Godavari]
4. A navigable canal in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
   [Hint: Buckingham canal along the coast of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu]

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

AIRWAYS

1. Srinagar to Delhi.
2. Delhi to Mumbai.
3. Mumbai to Kolkata.
4. Chennai to Delhi.
5. Delhi to Kolkata.
6. Thiruvananthapuram to Dibrugarh.
7. International Airports.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

MAJOR PORTS AND HARBOURS

1. A tidal port located at the eastern end of Rann of Kachchh.
                      OR
   Major sea port of Gujarat.
   [Hint: Kandla]
2. The major sea port of Andhra Pradesh.
   [Hint: Vishakhapatnam]
3. A spacious natural harbour shared by two major ports of India. [Hint: Mumbai]
4. A major port which is not located on the sea coast but at a distance of 128 kms from the coast along the bank of a river. 
                     OR
   A riverine port of India.
   [Hint: Kolkata]
5. A port on the east coast which is often hit by cyclones in October and November and shipping there becomes difficult during this season.
   [Hint: Chennai]
6. A port which has been constructed to ease congestion at Kolkata. [Hint: Haldia]
7. Jawahar Lal Nehru Port.
8. Southernmost port of India.

Only about 5% of Indias railway network is narrow gauge. Mention the other two gauges and one narrow gauge still in use.

Name one major river which is used for navigation in India.

Mention two advantages of Inland water transport.

Mention one disadvantage of Inland water transport.

Why are there more ports along the Western coast than along the Eastern cost?

Discuss two factors that cause problems for Kolkata port.

Mention any two products which are transported through a pipeline.

Give the advantages of pipeline transportation.

List two advantages of air transport in India.

What are two terminal towns of the G.T. Road?

Explain the disadvantages of road transport?

What was the need for the construction of the Jawaharlal Nehru Port?

Mention an important characteristic of the Jawaharlal Nehru Port.

What is Geographic Information System (GIS)?

How is Geographic Information System (GIS) useful?

Give one difference between natural harbors and artificial harbors.

Name any two narrow gauge railway lines present in the Himalayan region.

Name any two important means of mass communication.

What is Port?

What advantage does the Mumbai port have over the other ports of India, in international trade?

Name any two states which serve as a hinterland for the Haldia port.

Give two advantages of transportation by roadways.

Name the two terminals of the East-West corridor.

Give two reasons why canal and river transport is underdeveloped in India.

Give two advantages of Rail Transport over Road Transport.

Mention one disadvantage of rail transport.

List two advantages of air transport in India.

State four factors that determine the location of an international airport.

How does the Farakka Barrage help the port of Kolkata?

Mention any three factors that affect inland water transport in India.

Mention two advantages of waterways.

State one disadvantage of water transport.

List one disadvantage of air transport in India.

Why is air transport still not a popular means of transportation in India?

Name the international airlines carrier of India.

What is the name of the international airport of Mumbai?

Give one point of difference between Golden Quadrilateral Highways and National Highways.

For the port city of Kolkata, give a brief account of the following aspect:

Location

For the port city of Kolkata, give a brief account of the following aspect:

Hinterland

For the port city of Kolkata, give a brief account of the following aspect:

Main problem of the port

What problems hinder the development of air transport in India?

Discuss the growth of air transport in India.

Discuss the distribution of air transport in India.

How are roads classified in India?

Mention any three problems being faced by the Indian Railways.

Give two points of difference between a port and a harbour.

Name four modern forms of communication.

Explain in brief two merits of Water transport.

Name two navigable waterways in India.

Give two reasons why the Deccan rivers are not ideal for navigation.

Explain how transport is important to a developing country like India.

What is the role played by the physical features in the development of railways?

Give two examples of mass communication.

What are the advantages of satellites in communication?

Give three reasons to explain why there is a dense network of railways over the North Indian Plains.

Mention three demerits of Road transport.

Name the terminal town of:

National Highway Number 1

Name the terminal town of:

National Highway Number 2

Pipelines are a very convenient mode of transportation, yet there are difficulties in using them. Enumerate two difficulties in using pipelines as a mode of transport.

What is Tele Communication?

What are the main components of Tele Communication?

Discuss the factors responsible for the development of railways in India.

1. Name the port which was constructed to reduce the traffic at the Mumbai port.
2. What special features and facilities does the new port have?

Give one difference between natural harbors and artificial harbors.

Differentiate between Telecommunication and Mass Communication. 

Give reasons for the following:

Absence of railway network in the north-eastern states.

Give two reasons to explain the following:

Pipelines are a convenient means of transportation.

Define road density.

Why is the Density of Roads very high in Kerala and Tamil Nadu?

Give an account of Chennai port with reference to its hinterland.

Give an account of Chennai port with reference to its chief imports.

Give an account of Chennai port with reference to its exports.

Give an account of Chennai port with reference to its problems.

Mention any three factors that affect inland water transport in India.

Explain why large area of Western Rajasthan lacks rail transport.

Explain why northern Plains have a dense network of road and rail transport.

Explain why pipelines are more suitable for the transportation of petroleum.

Where is the New Mangalore Port located?

What is the chief importance of New Mangalore port?

State two ways in which cellular phones are an important means of communication.

Give any three reasons to explain why railways are well developed in the Northern plains of India.

Give one point of difference between Golden Quadrilateral Highways and National Highways.

Explain the relationship between transport and industrial development. 

What are the two ways in which Radio can be considered as a powerful means of communication?

Briefly explain the three advantages of using roadways in comparison to railways.

Mention any two products which are transported through a pipeline.

Give the advantages of pipeline transportation.

Name any two major ports located on the Western Coast of India.

Discuss the role of communication as an infrastructural resource in the country’s development.

What is the importance of transport as an infrastructural resource to industrial economy?

Briefly discuss any two natural factors that govern the distribution of roads in India.

List one disadvantage of air transport in India.

Mention any one disadvantage of pipelines as a mode of transport.

Name a recently development port of Tamil Nadu. What is its main purpose?

State three ways in which radio and television are useful means in mass communication.

Give two reasons to explain why transport plays an important part in the development of India.

With reference to railway transport, differentiate between fare and freight.

Why is there a distinct contrast in the railway network between the Eastern and Western coastal plains?

Mention two advantages of waterways.

Mention any three factors that affect inland water transport in India.

How are roads classified in India?

Mention the different types of roads classified in India.

In which two fields is remote sensing data important?

Name two satellite systems of India.

Mention any three geographical conditions that favour rail transport in the Northern Plains of India.

What are the two main items of export from the following sea port:

Mumbai Port

What are the two main items of export from the following seaport:

Visakhapatnam Port

State any two advantages of railways in India.

With reference to the Jawaharlal Nehru Port, state the following:

Its hinterland

With reference to the Jawaharlal Nehru Port, state the following:

Two items of export

With reference to the Jawaharlal Nehru Port, state the following:

Two items of import

Name the city which has the oldest artificial harbor on the east coast of India.

State two geographical problems faced by this harbor.

State any two ways in which cinema can be considered as powerful means of mass communication.

Mention any three factors that affect inland water transport in India.

Give reasons for the following:

There is a dense network of railways over the North Indian Plains.

Give reasons for the following:

Peninsular Plateau has a high proportion of metalled roads.

Give reasons for the following:

A good transport network promotes industrial development.

Discuss the merits of air transport.

List one disadvantage of air transport in India.

Differentiate between Telecommunication and Mass Communication. 

State any two ways in which radio can still be considered as a powerful means of mass communication in remote areas.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

The railway route from Delhi to Mumbai Central Station marking at least two other towns this passes through.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

RAILWAY ROUTES AND STATIONS

1. Jammu Tawi to Pune.
2. Amritsar to Kolkata.
3. Delhi to Chennai.
4. Kolkata to Mumbai.
5. Mumbai to Chennai.
6. Chennai to Kolkata.
7. Northernmost railway station of India
   [Hint: Baramula]. 
8. The southernmost railway station of India
   [Hint: Kanniyakumari]. 
9. Konkan Railway.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

Headquarter of South-Central Railway zone.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

Mark the Mumbai-Chennai side of the Golden Quadrilateral.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

Kolkata-Delhi side of the Golden Quadrilateral.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

Mark the North-South corridor of the National Highway and label its two terminal ends.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

Mark the East-West corridor of the Super Highway with its two terminal ends.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

National Highway No. 2.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

Mark the North-South corridor of the National Highway and label its two terminal ends.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write their names:

Mark the highway known as Sher Shah Suri Marg or National Highway 1 and its two termini.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

Mark and label the largest port of the country.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

An iron ore exporting port on the west coast.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

Mark with a dot and name an artificial habour.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

Mark and name the most important port along the Kerala coast.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

Shade and name the hinterland of Kolkata port.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

Mark with a dot and name an artificial habour.

Show the following on an outline map of India and also write the name:

Mark and name the port which is hit by cyclones in the months of October and November.