Definitions [13]
Define the following: Immunity
The ability of an organism to resist and overcome infection is called immunity.
Define the following: Vaccination
Vaccination is a method of making the body immune to a particular disease by injecting killed or weakened disease causing microbe into a body to stimulate the formation of antibodies and develop immunity to that disease causing microbe.
Define the following:
Malnutrition
The condition of nutrition in which the food is either in inadequate quantity or in excess or it lacks in some essential nutrient is called malnutrition.
Define the following: Immunisation
Immunisation is body’s natural defence mechanism which acts by producing antibodies against the antigens infecting the body.
Define the following: Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a disease caused by the malfimtioning of heart wherein the arterial walls get hardened and thickened, reducing the flow of blood and raising the blood pressure.
Define the following: Vaccine
A vaccine is a biological preparation of a weakened or killed pathogen (disease causing microbes) which stimulates the formation of antibodies and develops immunity against a particular disease.
Define the following: Pathogen
Any organism that is capable of causing disease is called a pathogen.
Examples : bacteria, virus or other microorganism.
What are deficiency diseases?
The diseases caused by inadequate intake of food or the lack of some essential nutrient in our diet are called deficiency diseases.
Deficiency in one or more of the nutrients causes various diseases. These are called deficiency diseases.
Define the following:
Diseases
Any disorder or abnormal working of an organ, part or system of the body leads to illness called as disease.
Define the following: Vector
A vector is an organism that carries disease causing microbes (pathogens) from one host to another. They are the carriers of infection.
Example: Mosquito, housefly, etc
Define the following: Droplet infection
Droplet infection is an infection transmitted from one individual to another by droplets of saliva or nasal moisture during coughing, sneezing, speaking and spitting.
Define the following: Infectious diseases
The diseases which spread from an infected person to a healthy person through air, water, food, soil or physical contact are called communicable diseases.
Example : Common cold, chickenpox, etc
Define the following: Pathogen
The microbes that cause disease are called pathogens.
Example : Bacteria, virus, etc
