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Revision: Poverty in India Economics HSC Science (General) 11th Standard Maharashtra State Board

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Definitions [3]

Definition: Poverty

According to Prof. Amartya Sen, “Poverty is not just a lack of money, it is not having the capability to realise one’s full potential as a human being.” 'Capabilities' refer to economic, social and political freedom. A lack of substantive freedom, such as the freedom to satisfy hunger, access to nutrition, healthcare, and educational facilities, as well as the denial of political and civil liberties, leads to poverty.

Definition: Rural Poverty

Not enough income or resources to meet basic needs (food, clothing, housing, education, healthcare) among people in villages mainly affects small/marginal farmers, landless labourers, and agricultural workers.

Definition: Urban Poverty

Lack of basic needs among groups living in cities and towns, such as rural migrants, slum dwellers, and the informally employed.

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