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प्रश्न

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Five Kingdom system

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उत्तर

The Five Kingdom System, proposed by Robert Whittaker (1969), classifies all living organisms into five kingdoms based on their cell type, body organization, mode of nutrition, and reproduction. The five kingdoms are:

  1. Monera:  Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms (e.g., bacteria). No true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. It is an asexual (binary fission) reproduction.
  2. Protista:  Mostly unicellular, eukaryotic organisms (e.g., amoeba, algae). Show traits of both plants and animals. 
  3. Fungi: Multicellular or unicellular, heterotrophic (e.g., yeast, mushrooms). Cell walls contain chitin, and they decompose organic matter.
  4. Plantae: Multicellular, autotrophic (e.g., trees, grass). Perform photosynthesis and have cell walls made of cellulose.
  5. Animalia: Multicellular, heterotrophic, eukaryotic organisms without cell walls. (e.g., insects, mammals). Reproduce sexually and have complex organ systems.

This system helps in understanding the diversity and evolution of life.

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अध्याय 2: Systematics of Living Organisms - Exercise [पृष्ठ १७]

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बालभारती Biology [English] Standard 11 Maharashtra State Board
अध्याय 2 Systematics of Living Organisms
Exercise | Q 3. B. | पृष्ठ १७

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Each of the following characteristics represent a Kingdom proposed by Whittaker. Arrange the following in increasing order of complexity of body organisation.

  1. Multicellular heterotrophs with cell wall made of chitin.
  2. Heterotrophs with tissue/organ/organ system level of body organisation.
  3. Prokaryotes with cell wall made of polysaccharides and amino acids.
  4. Eukaryotic autotrophs with tissue/organ level of body organisation.
  5. Eukaryotes with cellular body organisation.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:


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