Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Under which condition laws of Boyle, Charles, and Gay-Lussac are valid?
Advertisements
उत्तर १
The laws of Boyle, Charles, and Gay-Lussac are strictly valid for real gases, only if the pressure of the gas is not too high and the temperature is not close to the liquefaction temperature of the gas.
उत्तर २
- Boyle’s Law `(P alpha 1/V "at constant T")`: Boyle’s Law states that pressure (P) and volume (V) are inversely proportional when temperature and the number of gas molecules remain constant. It is valid only if the temperature remains constant and the gas behaves ideally.
- Charles’s Law (V ∝ T at constant P): Charles’s Law states that volume (V) and absolute temperature (T) are directly proportional when pressure and the number of gas molecules remain constant. It is valid only if the pressure remains constant and the gas follows ideal gas behaviour.
- Gay-Lussac’s Law (P ∝ T at constant V): Gay-Lussac’s Law states that pressure (P) and absolute temperature (T) are directly proportional when volume and the number of gas molecules remain constant. It is valid only if the volume remains constant and the gas exhibits ideal behaviour.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
When we place a gas cylinder on a van and the van moves, does the kinetic energy of the molecules increase? Does the temperature increase?
Can we define the temperature of (a) vacuum, (b) a single molecule?
Consider a gas of neutrons. Do you expect it to behave much better as an ideal gas as compared to hydrogen gas at the same pressure and temperature?
When you come out of a river after a dip, you feel cold. Explain.
The pressure of an ideal gas is written as \[P = \frac{2E}{3V}\] . Here E refers to
Which of the following quantities is the same for all ideal gases at the same temperature?
(a) The kinetic energy of 1 mole
(b) The kinetic energy of 1 g
(c) The number of molecules in 1 mole
(d) The number of molecules in 1 g
Find the number of molecules of an ideal gas in a volume of 1.000 cm3 at STP.
At what temperature the mean speed of the molecules of hydrogen gas equals the escape speed from the earth?
Use R = 8.314 JK-1 mol-1
During an experiment, an ideal gas is found to obey an additional law pV2 = constant. The gas is initially at a temperature T and volume V. Find the temperature when it expands to a volume 2V.
Use R = 8.3 J K-1 mol-1
Figure shows two vessels A and B with rigid walls containing ideal gases. The pressure, temperature and the volume are pA, TA, V in the vessel A and pB, TB, V in the vessel B. The vessels are now connected through a small tube. Show that the pressure p and the temperature T satisfy `Ρ/T = 1/2 ({P_A}/{T_A}+{P_B}/{T_B))` when equilibrium is achieved.
The weather report reads, "Temperature 20°C : Relative humidity 100%". What is the dew point?
Figure shows two rigid vessels A and B, each of volume 200 cm3, containing an ideal gas (Cv = 12.5 J K−1 mol−1). The vessels are connected to a manometer tube containing mercury. The pressure in both the vessels is 75 cm of mercury and the temperature is 300 K. (a) Find the number of moles of the gas in each vessel. (b) 5.0 J of heat is supplied to the gas in vessel A and 10 J to the gas in vessel B. Assuming there's no appreciable transfer of heat from A to B, calculate the difference in the heights of mercury in the two sides of the manometer. Gas constant, R = 8.3 J K−1 mol−1.
If the density of oxygen is 1.44 kg/m3 at a pressure of 105 N/m2, find the root mean square velocity of oxygen molecules.
Calculate the average molecular kinetic energy
- per kmol
- per kg
- per molecule
of oxygen at 127°C, given that the molecular weight of oxygen is 32, R is 8.31 J mol−1K−1 and Avogadro’s number NA is 6.02 × 1023 molecules mol−1.
The emissive power of a sphere of area 0.02 m2 is 0.5 kcal s-1m-2. What is the amount of heat radiated by the spherical surface in 20 seconds?
Find the temperature of a blackbody if its spectrum has a peak at (a) λmax = 700 nm (visible), (b) λmax = 3 cm (microwave region) (c) λmax = 3 m (short radio waves). (Take Wien’s constant b = 2.897 × 10-3 m.K).
The number of degrees of freedom, for the vibrational motion of a polyatomic molecule, depends on the ______
On what, the values of absorption coefficient, reflection coefficient, and transmission coefficient depend, in addition to the material of the object on which the radiation is an incident?
Above what temperature, all bodies radiate electromagnetic radiation?
What is the microscopic origin of temperature?
The average translational kinetic energy of a molecule in a gas becomes equal to 0.49 eV at a temperature about (Boltzmann constant = 1.38 x 10-23 JK-1) ____________.
Assuming the expression for the pressure exerted by the gas on the wall of the container, it can be shown that pressure is ______.
A cylinder containing an ideal gas is in vertical position and has a piston of mass M that is able to move up or down without friction (Figure). If the temperature is increased ______.
An insulated container containing monoatomic gas of molar mass m is moving with a velocity vo. If the container is suddenly stopped, find the change in temperature.
Consider a rectangular block of wood moving with a velocity v0 in a gas at temperature T and mass density ρ. Assume the velocity is along x-axis and the area of cross-section of the block perpendicular to v0 is A. Show that the drag force on the block is `4ρAv_0 sqrt((KT)/m)`, where m is the mass of the gas molecule.
23Ne decays to 23Na by negative beta emission. Mass of 23Ne is 22.994465 amu mass of 23Na is 22.989768 amu. The maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons neglecting the kinetic energy of recoiling product nucleus is ______ MeV.
When a particle oscillates simple harmonically, its kinetic energy varies periodically. If frequency of the particle is n, then the frequency of the kinetic energy is ______.
2000 calories of radiant heat is incident on a body. If the body absorbs 550 calories of heat, find the coefficient of emmission of the body.
