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प्रश्न
The distance is measured on the topographic map. There are two methods of measuring distance on the toposheets,
(i) Direct-method,
(ii) Indirect method.
Measuring straight distance is a direct method and measuring through a winding course is an indirect method. Explain both the methods.
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उत्तर
(i) To measure the straight distance:
To measure the shortest distance between two points on the topographic map along a straight line can be done easily with the help of a pair of divider. Keep the two pointed ends of the divider over line or two points which has to be measured and then carefully keep on scale. Note down the distance on the map in centimetres; then either with the help of the graphical scale which is provided below the toposheet or by using the statement scale distance can be measured in kilometres and metres.
e.g., two places are 5.6 km., apart on the map.
The scale is given 2 cm. = 1 km.
1 cm. = 1/2 km.
5.6 cm. = 1/2 × 5.6
= 2.8 km.
(ii) To measure winding course:
To measure a winding course route is complicated. It has to be measured with the help of a strip of paper or thread e.g., to measure a river in a toposheet take a piece of thread make a knot on one end. At the end of thread (close to knot) mark the point with pen at which you will begin to measure (point A). Put the thread along the line touching as far as possible to measure and keep on marking with ink at turns till the last point. Stretch the thread on the scale line, you will get the ground distance in kilometres and metres, writing the unit of measurement is always important e.g., if the distance calculated between two points is 3.3 km. If asked in kilometres the answer would be 3km., 300m. If asked in metres the answer would be 3300 metres.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give the six figure grid reference of Triangulated height 217
Give the six figure grid reference of lined well near Chekhla.
Mention a special feature associated with the streams in grid square 9879.
What is a Watershed?
(i) What is the importance of a Relief Map.
(ii) How can we show occupations by the evidences of names or by inference of relief features?
Study the extract of the Survey of India Map sheet No. 45D/10 and answer the following questions:
(a) Name and give the four figure grid reference of a settlement where the people of the region meet at least once a year.
(b) What does the conventional symbol at grid reference 145132 mean?
(c)
If a man were to walk from Gulabganj (1820) to Harmatiya (1916):
(i) In which direction would he be walking?
(ii) Which are the two different kinds of roads that he would be using?
(d)
What do the following numbers in grid square 1718 and 1818 mean?
(i) 280 (ii) 281
(e) What are the two differences between the settlement Bamba in 1914 and those in 1813?
(f) Name four facilities that Anadra has which makes it an important settlement
(g) What is the quickest means of communication for the people of Dabani (1313)?
(h) What do the following mean:
(i) Brackish in 1915 (ii) Causeway in 1715 (iii) 6r in 1218?
(i) Mention two factors which support the following:
(i) The Sipu river is in its middle course
(ii) The rainfall in the region shown in the map extract is seasonal.
(j) What is the distance in kilometres between the distance stone 20 in 1818 and the causeway in 1715 along the metalled road?
Study the extract of the Survey of India Map sheet No. 45D/10 and answer the following questions:
(a) Give the six figure grid reference of:
(i) The temple in village Dhavli
(ii) ∆ 480
(b) What do the following indicate?
(i) 6r in grid square 1903
(ii) The word Brackish in grid square 1403.
(c)
(i) In grid square 1909, several contours merge at one point. What does this represent?
(ii) State the significance of the red dotted lines in the map extract.
(d) Name the type of rainfall experienced in the region shown in the map extract. Give a reason to support your answer.
(e) How does the drainage pattern in grid square 1606 differ from the drainage pattern in grid square 1708?
(f)
(i) What is the pattern of settlement in grid square 1904?
(ii) Name the settlement that has a post office.
(g) Name two landforms represented by the pattern of contours in grid square 1608.
(h) Calculate the ground distance in kilometres along the metalled road between the causeway in 1502 and the distance stone marked ’14’ in grid square 1203.
(i) State two reasons for the absence of human habitation in the north eastern region of the map extract.
(j)
(i) Mention the difference in height between the highest spot height in the map extract and the contour height in grid square 1006.
(ii) What is the compass direction of Patlawa ka Goliya (590.) from Kacholi Dunga (443.)?
Study the extract of the Survey of India Map Sheet No. 45D/10 and answer the following questions: (Map G)
(a) Give the four-figure grid reference of:
(i) Dadarla (ii) Bhamra
(b) Which is the largest settlement shown on the map extract? Which one communication facility is exclusively available to this settlement?
(c) What does RF stand for? State the RF of the map provided to you.
(d) What is the total area of the actual ground represented in the map extract? (Show with the help of a simple calculation)
(e) What is meant by ‘contour interval’? State the contour interval of the toposheet provided to you
(f) State the highest and the lowest spot heights found on the map extract. Also mention whether they are in metres or in feet.
(g) Give the six-figure grid reference of:
(i) Spot height 339 (ii) Permanent hut located near Dhad Talao.
(h) What, according to you is the main (i) occupation, and (ii) religion of the people of the above area?
(i) Name one ‘natural’ and one ‘man-made’ source of irrigation used in this region.
(j) Name the general mode of transportation used in this region. What special feature of this mode is mentioned in the map extract?
Study the extract of Survey of India Map Sheet No. 45D/7 and answer the following questions.
(a) What do you understand by Eastings and Northings?
(b) Give the meaning of each of the following conventional symbols located in the grid square 1622.
(i) 20r (ii) PO
(c) What is the general direction of flow of the Sipu Nadi, given in the map extract? Give one reason to support your answer.
(d) Give the six-figure grid reference of:
(i) The point where the canal leaves the earth work, dam market 10r.
(ii) The spot height 1425 in the South-east corner of the map extract.
(e) Andhra is a better developed settlement than Gulabganj. Give two reasons.
(f) Account for the necessity of ‘fireline’ in the jungle area of the given map extract.
(g)
(i) What main purpose is solved by most of the wells in grid square 1621?
(ii) Why is the water in some of these wells not suitable for drinking?
(h) Name two probable occupations of the people in the settlement of Tokra in squares 2220 and 2221.
(i) What is the total length of canal in metres?
(j) Give the angular distance of the temple in Pithapura in 2022 from Bhumi Margi hill top.
Study the extract of the Survey of India Map Sheet No. 45 D/7 (A – B) and answer the following questions:
(a) (i) What does the abbreviation R. F., stand for?
(ii) What does 20r (grid sq. 8295) mean.
(iii) What does V near Shergadh village in the south-east corner mean.
(b)
(i) What type of relief do you observe in north-west of the map (West Panswala)?
(ii) Why is the land shown in white shade not put to cultivation?
(c)
(i) What seems to be the importance of village Jegol in grid sq. 8590 in the south?
(ii) Find out the length of the joint stream of rivers Sipu, Varka and Hanva.
(d) What type of relief feature is found close to Varkanala and Hanvanala near Gangudra in the centre of the area?
(e) Give four figure grid reference of a well marked meander of Varkanala and Sipu river.
(f)
(i) What does the black line marked 24°30′ in the north denote.
(ii) What is the meaning of 72°20′ north-south black line in the western part of the map?
(iii) What do the figures 280, 300, 500 etc., written in brown on east margin of the map indicate.
(g)
(i) Point out two man-made features on the map.
(ii) What is the direction of the river Sipu 83 C 86 grid lines?
(iii) What is the grid reference (four figures) of the lime kiln located near Rampura village in the north-west?
