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प्रश्न
Tabulate the differences in the characteristics of states of matter.
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उत्तर
| Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas | |
| 1. | Shape and volume | They have a definite shape as well as a definite volume. | They have a definite volume but no definite shape. | They have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. |
| 2. | Compressibility | Solids are completely incompressible. | Liquids are almost incompressible. | Gases are highly compressible. |
| 3. | Rigidity/Fluidity | Solids possess rigidity. | Liquids can flow, therefore they possess fluidity which is lower than that of gases. | Gases flow more easily than liquids and thus, have the highest fluidity. |
| 4. | Kinetic energy | Their particles have minimum kinetic energy. | Their particles have kinetic energy higher than those of solids. | Their particles have the highest kinetic energy. |
| 5. | Density | They have high-density. | Their density is lower than those of solids but much higher than those of gases. | They generally have very low densities. |
| 6. | Diffusion | They normally do not show the property of diffusion although some rare examples of diffusion of one solid into another are known. | They show the property of diffusion. As a result, solids, liquids, and gases can all diffuse into liquids. | They diffuse very. The diffusion of a gas is, however, inversely proportional to the square root of its density. Thus, lighter gas diffuses more rapidly than heavier gas. |
संबंधित प्रश्न
Arrange the following substances in increasing order of forces of attraction between particles -
water, sugar, oxygen
A bottle of perfume was opened in a room. The smell of its vapours spread in the entire room. Name the property of gases which is responsible for this behaviour of perfume vapours.
Fill in the following blank with suitable words :
Solid, liquid and gas are the three ........................ of matter.
Fill in the following blank with suitable words :
At room temperature, the forces of attraction between the particles of solid substances are ....................... then those which exist in the gaseous state.
A girl is cooking some food in the kitchen. The smell of food being cooked soon reaches her brother's room. Explain how the smell could have reached her brother's room.
Give one example of diffusion of gases in a liquid.
Look at the diagram on the right side. Jar A contains a red-brown gas whereas jar B contains a colourless gas. The two gas jars are separated by a galas plate placed between them
- What will happen when the glass plate between the two jars is pulled away?
- What name is given to the phenomenon which takes place?
- Name the brown gas which could be in jar A.
- Which is the colourless gas most likely to be present in jar B?
- Name one coloured solid and one colourless liquid which can show the same phenomenon.
A substance has neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume. State whether it is a solid, a liquid or a gas.
Comment upon the following:-
kinetic energy
Comment upon the following:-
density
