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प्रश्न
Tabulate the differences in the characteristics of states of matter.
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उत्तर
| Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas | |
| 1. | Shape and volume | They have a definite shape as well as a definite volume. | They have a definite volume but no definite shape. | They have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. |
| 2. | Compressibility | Solids are completely incompressible. | Liquids are almost incompressible. | Gases are highly compressible. |
| 3. | Rigidity/Fluidity | Solids possess rigidity. | Liquids can flow, therefore they possess fluidity which is lower than that of gases. | Gases flow more easily than liquids and thus, have the highest fluidity. |
| 4. | Kinetic energy | Their particles have minimum kinetic energy. | Their particles have kinetic energy higher than those of solids. | Their particles have the highest kinetic energy. |
| 5. | Density | They have high-density. | Their density is lower than those of solids but much higher than those of gases. | They generally have very low densities. |
| 6. | Diffusion | They normally do not show the property of diffusion although some rare examples of diffusion of one solid into another are known. | They show the property of diffusion. As a result, solids, liquids, and gases can all diffuse into liquids. | They diffuse very. The diffusion of a gas is, however, inversely proportional to the square root of its density. Thus, lighter gas diffuses more rapidly than heavier gas. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write the full forms of the following
- LPG
- CNG
Fill in the following blank with suitable words :
At room temperature, the forces of attraction between the particles of solid substances are ....................... then those which exist in the gaseous state.
Name the three states of matter. Give one example of each.
Give two reasons to justify that Water is a liquid at room temperature.
Why does a gas exert pressure?
Why does a gas fill a vessel completely?
The substance X normally exists in a physical state which can flow easily but does not fill its vessel completely. It also turns anhydrous copper sulphate blue. When substance X is cooled excessively, it changes into a substance Y which has a fixed shape as well as a fixed volume. If, however, the substance X is heated strongly, it changes into a substance Z which has neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume.
- Name the substances (i) X (ii) Y and (iii) Z.
- What is the process of conversion of X into Y known as ?
- At which temperature X gets converted into Y ?
- What is the process of conversion of X into Z known as ?
- At which temperature X gets converted into Z ?
Comment upon the following:-
fluidity
Which of the following is false for gases?
Two gases A and B having molecular weights 60 and 45 respectively are enclosed in a vessel. The wt. of A is 0.50 g and that of B is 0.2 g. The total pressure of the mixture is 750 mm. The partial pressure of the gases B is ______ mm Hg.
