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प्रश्न
State how electrons are distributed in an atom. Explain in brief the rules which govern their distribution.
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उत्तर
(a) Electrons revolve around the nucleus in imaginary paths called shells or orbits. Shells start from the nucleus to outwards.
Rules: The maximum number of electrons in a shell is given by 2n2. Where n is the number of shell i.e. 1st shell can have a maximum of 2 electrons.
2n2 = 2(1)2 = 2 × 1 = 2
2nd shell can have maximum of 8 electrons
2n2 = 2(2)2 = 2 × 4 = 8
3rd shell can have maximum of 18 electrons
2n2 = 2 (3)2 = 2 × 9 = 18 and so on….
(b) Outer most orbit cannot have more than 8 electrons and 18 in penultimate orbit.
(c) A new shell cannot start until previous is filled completely.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write true or false for the following statement
The maximum number of electrons in the first shell can be 8.
Define the term Atomic number.
What are the observations of the experiment done by Rutherford in order to determine the structure of an atom?
Explain the rule with example according to which electrons are filled in various energy levels
What are the two main parts of which an atom is made of?
Compare an electron, a proton and a neutron in respect of their relative masses and charges.
The particle not present in an ordinary hydrogen atom is :
Define the term Mass number.
Explain in brief – Goldstein’s experiment which led to the discovery of the proton.
Select the correct answer from the choice in the bracket to complete the sentence:
An element ‘X’ has six electrons in its outer or valence shell. Its valency is __________.
