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प्रश्न
Prove with the theme of the play/extract that the deeper human emotion which profoundly interested Shakespeare was jealousy.
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उत्तर
Jealousy is an emotion that comes in the form of sadness, anger, or resentment caused by the desire for something that someone else has. A person‘s actions are then driven by it. Jealousy is one of the major themes of the play 'A Midsummer Night‘s Dream‘. Between Helena, Demetrius, Hermia, Lysander as well as the fairies, jealousy is a very dominant emotion. The two main characters that Shakespeare uses to display this emotion are, Oberon and Helena. At the beginning of the play, in Act I, Helena is seen to be jealous of Hermia, because Demetrius has left her and now loves her friend, Hermia. Helena‘s desire for Demetrius‘ love turns her into a desperate woman with low self-esteem. She follows Demetrius into the woods, begging him to take her back and pleading with him even when he is cruel to her. Her jealousy caused by her desire for Demetrius‘ love culminates into her jealousy of Hermia‘s beauty. This makes Helena resent Hermia and accuse her of conspiring with Lysander and Demetrius to mock her. Even Hermia feels jealous of Helena when both, Lysander and Demetrius profess their love for Helena. She makes her jealousy apparent through these lines - Now I perceive that she hath made compare / Between our statures; she hath urged her height. Lysander‘s rejection of Hermia lowered her self-esteem and she became angry with Helena to the point where she threatened to physically harm Helena. Thus, the jealousy of Helena towards Hermia due to Demetrius and that of Hermia towards Helena due to Lysander caused fury and conflict between the four characters. The King of the fairies, Oberon‘s jealousy is the driving force of the play. Oberon was jealous of Titania because she possessed the Indian boy that he desired. Moreover, he was also jealous of the Indian boy because Titania showered all her attention to the boy giving rise to Oberon‘s envy. Titania‘s refusal to give up the boy fuelled his jealousy to the point where he decided to teach her a lesson. The entire drama that unfolds in the woods is a result of Oberon‘s jealousy towards Titania. Thus, it can be seen that jealousy affects, in a direct or indirect manner, all the major characters of the play. As Shakespeare illustrates jealousy as the most powerful and unpredictable of emotions parallelly through Helena, Hermia, and Oberon, it can be said that the deeper human emotion that profoundly interested Shakespeare was jealousy.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer any four of the following in 30–40 words each :
(a) Describe the irony in Saheb's name.
(b) Why was Gandhiji opposed to C.F. Andrews helping him in Champaran?
(c) Aunt Jennifer's efforts to get rid of her fear proved to be futile. Comment.
(d) What does Stephen Spender want to be done for the children of the school in a slum?
(e) When he was only ten days old, a prediction was made about the future of the Tiger King. What was ironic about it?
(f) What was his father's chief concern about Dr. Sadao?
With reference to ‘The Story of My Life’, describe how a teacher can positively impact a child’s life ?
Read the passage and complete the activities given below
B1 Complete the table :
A few facts about the Mehendi rituals during marriage ceremonies are given below :
Write them into appropriate columns :
(i) A simple family affair.
(ii) Song and dance performances accompanied by lavish food and entertainment.
(iii) Creative family members, apply Mehendi to the bride.
(iv) Beauticians are appointed to apply Mehendi to the bride.
Fill in the table as :
| Yesteryears | Present times |
| (i) | (i) |
| (ii) | (ii) |
Mehendi enjoys special attention during the wedding. In India, the day before the wedding is devoted exclusively to the elaborate ritual of applying Mehendi on the hands and feet of the bride. This practice is followed in Arab countries as well, except that it is held a few days prior to the wedding day. Songs are woven around the healing properties and lucky omens associated with mehndi are sung by the bride’s family and friends. An age-old belief handed down to generations lays great emphasis on the color of the bride’s Mehendi – a darker color suggests bountiful love and affection from the future in-laws and husband, and for this reason, brides take the pain to ensure that only the best quality henna is used for her wedding day.
The ritual of adorning the bride with henna is a sacred one and in some communities requires the initiation by the mother-in-law. A popular game during marriage function is the search for their names, by the bride and groom hidden within the elaborate pattern on the bride’s hands.
In certain parts of India, the bridegroom has his hands decorated with henna. The Mehendi function during marriages has evolved from simple family affairs of yesteryears to elaborate events of today. A lavish spread of food and entertainment in the form of song and dance performances have transformed it from a small function to a gala prelude. In earlier days, the task of applying Mehendi on the bride was the sole prerogative of creative family members. The demand for intricate and different style now, sees this job outsourced to beauticians skilled in this art. Beauty salons charge according to the style and complexity of pattern desired by the clients.
B2 What is the age-old belief related to the bride’s Mehendi color and its significance?
B3 Find the words :
Find the words from the passage :
| Noun | Verd | Adjectives |
| (i) attention | attend | _______________ |
| (ii) creation | _________________ | creative |
A lot of money is spent nowadays on marriage ceremonies. What is your opinion about it?
Briefly comment on:
The purpose of the author’s journey to Mount Kailash.
Briefly comment on:
Tsetan’s support to the author during the journey.
Did the boys return the horse because they were conscience-stricken or because they were afraid?
Why do you think Paul's mother was not satisfied with the yearly birthday gift of 1,000 pounds for five years.
The peacock is a colourful bird. How does the poem capture the various colours that its plumage displays?
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
The author wanted to grow the desi variety of rice.
Think and answer in your own words.
Why is the street light compared to a one-red-eyed-giant?
Stories can be told even in the form of poetry. Such poems are called Narrative poems. Narrative poems do not always follow rhythmic patterns of a fixed rhyme scheme. Such poems are written in a style called ‘Free Verse.’
Recall and name some narrative poems you have done/read earlier.
Compare and contrast the two opposing human feelings as expressed by the poet.
Think and answer in your own words.
Which line proves that in our busy lives we do not even have a fraction of a second to enjoy nature’s beauty?
Say where the image from nature given in the poem exists.
AIR / LAND / WATER
beneath the boughs
Visit a library: Find the stories of
- Mulla Nasiruddin
- Gopal Bhand and
- Tenali Raman. Share them in the class.
Find a suitable object for each comparison.
Choose any one of the objects we use daily and find out how it is made. Present the information in the form of a chart.
Write the following in short:
The story of the three caskets.
What did Mr. Gizare appreciate the most?
Read the passage and name the following.
He persuaded Helen to elope with him.
Read the following:
- Charging along like troops in a battle.
- Fly as thick as driving rain.
Using your imagination, write one or two comparisons each with -
- like ______
- as ______ as
Read the lines of the following poem. Guess and fill in suitable words to make the lines rhyme -
Golden Glow
Soon after dawn, rises the _________________.
It wakes and enlivens every _________________.
It scares away the long, dark _________________.
The shining stars go out of _________________.
From tree to tree birds flit and, _________________.
Searching for food, with a sharp _________________.
The buds that open now show their, _________________
As flowers, they dance with beauty and _________________.
The hill slope wears a grassy green,_________________
The curved sparkling river, it's gold _________________.
The cock then crows to give a loud, _________________
Come on! wake up, folks! One and _________________.
I, then wake up, ‘Good Morning’ to,_________________
Let’s all look forward to a golden _________________.
Write the symbol that is used in the poem to represent the following idea.
It was tempting and needed to be tried.
Say whether you agree or disagree.
The wolf could not trace Bertha because she was behind a myrtle bush.
Say whether you agree or disagree.
The bachelor had narrated an improper story to the children.
Write other meaningful words that begin/end with springtime.
What mistake did the man in the moon make?
What does 'Rangaawali' mean?
Guess the meaning of the following word.
fragrant
Share a memorable trip from your life
Why did Prospero set Ferdinand a severe task to perform?
What did the narrator think the unusual sound was?
Pick out the other examples for alliteration from the poem.
In what ways are we doing injustice to nature?
How does Alice feel after all these changes?
Read the “Story of Self Sacrifice and Bravery” once again and complete the flow chart.
Give an example for dazzling light.
What is the ‘breath of life’?
A sea turtle camouflages its nest by tossing sand on it to ______.
What does the teak tree give us?
When Amma said,'Don’t upset our foreign visitor' she meant______.
Gulliver was the captain of the ship.
Gulliver was hailed as a hero because he ______.
Name the vegetables harvested in the vegetation hab.
What did the father give to all the daughters?
Anitha's friends wanted a______ robot in their houses.
Write the rhyming word.
culture - ______.
Fruits and shadows are free under the _______.
Why did he grow crops?
Match the following.
| 1. | Pablo | Inspector |
| 2. | Velayudham | old man |
| 3. | Sreejith | dog |
Who is incharge of this case?
All the animals called the sparrow ______.
Why it is important for people to live without boundaries?
Moles dig ______ to catch earth worms.
The grandmother had kept the plate in memory of her ______.
Write the word with same meaning.
Sink
List three questions that the little boy asks.
- ______
- ______
- ______
How did Alice reach Wonderland?
Being a bachelor, the stranger had no patience with children.
