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Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction: n<11+12+...+1n, for all natural numbers n ≥ 2.

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प्रश्न

Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction:

`sqrt(n) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(n)`, for all natural numbers n ≥ 2.

योग
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उत्तर

Let P(n): `sqrt(n) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(n)`, ∀ n ≥ 2

Step 1: P(2): `sqrt(2) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2)` which is true.

Step 2: P(k): `sqrt(k) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(k)`

Let it be true.

Step 3: P(k + 1): `sqrt(k + 1) < 1/sqrt(2) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(k + 1)`

From Step 2, we have

`sqrt(k) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(k)`

⇒ `sqrt(k) + 1/sqrt(k + 1) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(k) + 1/sqrt(k + 1)`

⇒ `(sqrt(k) . sqrt(k + 1) + 1)/sqrt(k + 1) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(k) + 1/sqrt(k + 1)`  ......(i)

Now if `sqrt(k + 1) < (sqrt(k) . sqrt(k + 1) + 1)/sqrt(k + 1)`

⇒ `(k + 1) < sqrt(k) . sqrt(k + 1) + 1`

⇒ `k < sqrt(k) . sqrt(k + 1)`  .......(ii)

From equation (i) and (ii) we get

`sqrt(k + 1) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(k + 1)`

Hence, P(k + 1) is true whenever P(k) is true.

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अध्याय 4: Principle of Mathematical Induction - Exercise [पृष्ठ ७१]

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एनसीईआरटी एक्झांप्लर Mathematics [English] Class 11
अध्याय 4 Principle of Mathematical Induction
Exercise | Q 13 | पृष्ठ ७१

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