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प्रश्न
Match the following sets for all sets A, B, and C.
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) ((A′ ∪ B′) – A)′ | (a) A – B |
| (ii) [B′ ∪ (B′ – A)]′ | (b) A |
| (iii) (A – B) – (B – C) | (c) B |
| (iv) (A – B) ∩ (C – B) | (d) (A × B) ∩ (A × C) |
| (v) A × (B ∩ C) | (e) (A × B) ∪ (A × C) |
| (vi) A × (B ∪ C) | (f) (A ∩ C) – B |
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उत्तर
| Column A | Answer |
| (i) ((A′ ∪ B′) – A)′ | (b) A |
| (ii) [B′ ∪ (B′ – A)]′ | (c) B |
| (iii) (A – B) – (B – C) | (a) A – B |
| (iv) (A – B) ∩ (C – B) | (f) (A ∩ C) – B |
| (v) A × (B ∩ C) | (d) (A × B) ∩ (A × C) |
| (vi) A × (B ∪ C) | (e) (A × B) ∪ (A × C) |
Explanation:
(i) ((A′ ∪ B′) – A)′
[(A′ ∪ B′) – A]′
= [(A′ ∪ B′) ∩ A’]’ ......{∵ A – B = A ∩ B’}
= [(A ∩ B)’ ∩ A’]’ ......{∵ (A ∩ B)’ = A’ ∪ B’}
= [(A ∩ B)’]’ ∪ (A’)’
= (A ∩ B) ∪ A
= A
((A′ ∪ B′) – A)′ = A
(ii) [B′ ∪ (B′ – A)]′
[B′ ∪ (B′ – A)]′
= (B’)’ ∩ (B’ – A)’ ......{∵ (A ∪ B)’ = A’ ∩ B’}
= B ∩ (B’ ∩ A’)’ ......{∵ A – B = A ∩ B’}
= B ∩ [(B’)’ ∪ (A’)’] ......{∵ (A ∩ B)’ = A’ ∪ B’}
= B ∩ (B ∪ A)
= B
[B′ ∪ (B′ – A)]′ = B
(iii) (A – B) – (B – C)
Step 1:
A – B
Step 2:
B – C
Step 3:
(A – B) – (B – C)
Clearly, the Venn diagram in Step 3 shows same region as in Step 1
Hence, (A – B) – (B – C) = A – B
(iv) (A – B) ∩ (C – B)
Step 1:
A – B
Step 2:
C – B
Step 3:
(A – B) ∩ (B – C)
Clearly, from the Venn diagram in Step 3:
(A – B) ∩ (B – C) = A ∩ C – B
(v) A × (B ∩ C)
Let y ∈ A × (B ∩ C)
⇒ y ∈ A and y ∈ (B ∩ C)
⇒ y ∈ A and (y ∈ B and y ∈ C)
⇒ (y ∈ A and y ∈ B) and (y ∈ A and y ∈ C)
⇒ y ∈ (A × B) and y ∈ (A × C)
⇒ y ∈ (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
A × (B ∩ C) = (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
(vi) A × (B ∪ C)
Let y ∈ A × (B ∪ C)
⇒ y ∈ A and y ∈ (B ∪ C)
⇒ y ∈ A and (y ∈ B or y ∈ C)
⇒ (y ∈ A and y ∈ B) or (y ∈ A and y ∈ C)
⇒ y ∈ (A × B) or y ∈ (A × C)
⇒ y ∈ (A × B) ∪ (A × C)
A × (B ∪ C) = (A × B) ∪ (A × C)
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