हिंदी

Let Z Be the Set of All Integers and Z0 Be the Set of All Non-zero Integers. Let a Relation R on Z × Z0 Be Defined as (A, B) R (C, D) ⇔ Ad = Bc for All (A, B), (C, D) ∈ Z × Z0, Prove that R is an

Advertisements
Advertisements

प्रश्न

Let Z be the set of all integers and Z0 be the set of all non-zero integers. Let a relation R on Z × Z0be defined as (a, b) R (c, d) ⇔ ad = bc for all (a, b), (c, d) ∈ Z × Z0,
Prove that R is an equivalence relation on Z × Z0.

योग
Advertisements

उत्तर

We observe the following properties of R.

Reflexivity :

Let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of Z × Z0. Then,

(a, b) ∈ Z × Z0

 ⇒ a, b ∈ Z, Z0

⇒ ab = ba

⇒ (a, b) ∈ R for all (a, b) ∈ Z × Z0

So, R is reflexive on Z × Z0.

Symmetry :

Let (a, b), (c, d) ∈ Z×Z0 such that (a, b) R (c, d). Then,(a, b) R (c, d)

⇒ ad = bc

⇒ cb = da

⇒ (c, d) R (a, b)

Thus,

 (a, b) R (c, d)⇒ (c, d) R (a, b) for all (a, b), (c, d) ∈ Z× Z0

So, R is symmetric on Z×Z0.

Transitivity :

Let(a,b), (c,d),(e,f) ∈N × N0suchthat a,b) R(c,d) and(c,d) R(e,f).Then,

a, b) R (c, d)⇒ ad =bc (c, d) R (e, f) ⇒ cf  =de }       ⇒ (ad) (cf)=(bc) (de)

⇒ af=be

⇒ (a, b) R (e, f)

Thus,

(a, b) R (c, d) and (c, d ) R (e, f)  ⇒  (a, b) R (e, f)

⇒(a, b) R (e, f) for all values (a, b), (c, d), (e, f) ∈ N × N0

So, R is transitive on N × N0.

shaalaa.com
  क्या इस प्रश्न या उत्तर में कोई त्रुटि है?
अध्याय 1: Relations - Exercise 1.2 [पृष्ठ २७]

APPEARS IN

आर.डी. शर्मा Mathematics Volume 1 and 2 [English] Class 12
अध्याय 1 Relations
Exercise 1.2 | Q 14 | पृष्ठ २७

संबंधित प्रश्न

Show that the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)} is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.


Let R be the relation in the set {1, 2, 3, 4} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (1, 1), (4, 4), (1, 3), (3, 3), (3, 2)}. Choose the correct answer.


Let A = {1, 2, 3}. Then number of relations containing (1, 2) and (1, 3) which are reflexive and symmetric but not transitive is ______.


An integer m is said to be related to another integer n if m is a multiple of n. Check if the relation is symmetric, reflexive and transitive.


Give an example of a relation which is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive?


Let A = {a, b, c} and the relation R be defined on A as follows: R = {(a, a), (b, c), (a, b)}. Then, write minimum number of ordered pairs to be added in R to make it reflexive and transitive.


Defines a relation on N:

xy is square of an integer, x, y ∈ N

Determine the above relation is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.


Let L be the set of all lines in XY-plane and R be the relation in L defined as R = {L1, L2) : L1 is parallel to L2}. Show that R is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all lines related to the line y= 2x + 4.


Show that the relation R, defined in the set A of all polygons as R = {(P1, P2) : P1 and P2 have the same number of sides}, is an equivalence relation. What is the set of all elements in A related to the right-angled triangle T with sides 3, 4 and 5?


Let S be a relation on the set R of all real numbers defined by
S = {(a, b) ∈ R × R : a2 + b2 = 1}
Prove that S is not an equivalence relation on R.


Write the identity relation on set A = {a, b, c}.


If A = {3, 5, 7} and B = {2, 4, 9} and R is a relation given by "is less than", write R as a set ordered pairs.


Let A = {0, 1, 2, 3} and R be a relation on A defined as
R = {(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 3), (1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 0), (3, 3)}
Is R reflexive? symmetric? transitive?


If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 4, 6, 9} and R is a relation from A to B defined by 'x is greater than y'. The range of R is ______________ .


R is a relation from {11, 12, 13} to {8, 10, 12} defined by y = x − 3. Then, R−1 is ______________ .


Show that the relation R on the set Z of integers, given by R = {(a,b):2divides (a - b)} is an equivalence relation. 


If `f(x) = (4x + 3)/(6x - 4), x ≠ 2/3`, show that fof (x) = x for all `x ≠ 2/3`. Also, find the inverse of f.


Show that the relation R on R defined as R = {(a, b): a ≤ b}, is reflexive, and transitive but not symmetric.


If A = {a, b, c}, B = (x , y} find B × A.


Let R be a relation on the set N of natural numbers defined by nRm if n divides m. Then R is ______.


For real numbers x and y, define xRy if and only if x – y + `sqrt(2)` is an irrational number. Then the relation R is ______.


Let Z be the set of integers and R be the relation defined in Z such that aRb if a – b is divisible by 3. Then R partitions the set Z into ______ pairwise disjoint subsets


The following defines a relation on N:
x + y = 10, x, y ∈ N
Determine which of the above relations are reflexive, symmetric and transitive.


The following defines a relation on N:
x + 4y = 10 x, y ∈ N.
Determine which of the above relations are reflexive, symmetric and transitive.


Let A = {1, 2, 3} and consider the relation R = {1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1,3)}. Then R is ______.


Given triangles with sides T1: 3, 4, 5; T2: 5, 12, 13; T3: 6, 8, 10; T4: 4, 7, 9 and a relation R inset of triangles defined as R = `{(Delta_1, Delta_2) : Delta_1  "is similar to"  Delta_2}`. Which triangles belong to the same equivalence class?


A relation S in the set of real numbers is defined as `"xSy" => "x" - "y" + sqrt3`  is an irrational number, then relation S is ____________.


A general election of Lok Sabha is a gigantic exercise. About 911 million people were eligible to vote and voter turnout was about 67%, the highest ever


Let I be the set of all citizens of India who were eligible to exercise their voting right in the general election held in 2019. A relation ‘R’ is defined on I as follows:

R = {(V1, V2) ∶ V1, V2 ∈ I and both use their voting right in the general election - 2019}

  • The above-defined relation R is ____________.

An organization conducted a bike race under 2 different categories-boys and girls. Totally there were 250 participants. Among all of them finally, three from Category 1 and two from Category 2 were selected for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these participants for his college project. Let B = {b1,b2,b3} G={g1,g2} where B represents the set of boys selected and G the set of girls who were selected for the final race.

Ravi decides to explore these sets for various types of relations and functions.

  • Ravi wishes to form all the relations possible from B to G. How many such relations are possible?

An organization conducted a bike race under 2 different categories-boys and girls. Totally there were 250 participants. Among all of them finally, three from Category 1 and two from Category 2 were selected for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these participants for his college project. Let B = {b1,b2,b3} G={g1,g2} where B represents the set of boys selected and G the set of girls who were selected for the final race.

Ravi decides to explore these sets for various types of relations and functions.

  • Let R: B → B be defined by R = {(x, y): x and y are students of same sex}, Then this relation R is ____________.

Students of Grade 9, planned to plant saplings along straight lines, parallel to each other to one side of the playground ensuring that they had enough play area. Let us assume that they planted one of the rows of the saplings along the line y = x − 4. Let L be the set of all lines which are parallel on the ground and R be a relation on L.

Answer the following using the above information.

  • Let R = `{ ("L"_1, "L"_2) ∶ "L"_1 bot "L"_2  "where"  "L"_1, "L"_2 in "L" }` which of the following is true?

If A = {1,2,3}, B = {4,6,9} and R is a relation from A to B defined by ‘x is smaller than y’. The range of R is ____________.


Find: `int (x + 1)/((x^2 + 1)x) dx`


A relation 'R' in a set 'A' is called reflexive, if


Let R1 and R2 be two relations defined as follows :

R1 = {(a, b) ∈ R2 : a2 + b2 ∈ Q} and

R2 = {(a, b) ∈ R2 : a2 + b2 ∉ Q}, where Q is the set of all rational numbers. Then ______


Which relation is reflexive on \(A=\{1,2\}\)?


A relation \(R\) is transitive if which condition is satisfied?


Which relation satisfies the transitive condition for the pairs \((1,2)\) and \((2,3)\)?


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×