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Let n be a fixed positive integer. Define a relation R in Z as follows: ∀ a, b ∈ Z, aRb if and only if a – b is divisible by n. Show that R is an equivalance relation - Mathematics

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प्रश्न

Let n be a fixed positive integer. Define a relation R in Z as follows: ∀ a, b ∈ Z, aRb if and only if a – b is divisible by n. Show that R is an equivalance relation

योग
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उत्तर

Given ∀ a, b ∈ Z, aRb if and only if a – b is divisible by n.

Now, for

aRa ⇒ (a – a) is divisible by n, which is true for any integer a as ‘0’ is divisible by n.

Thus, R is reflective.

Now, aRb

So, (a – b) is divisible by n.

⇒ – (b – a) is divisible by n.

⇒ (b – a) is divisible by n

⇒ bRa

Thus, R is symmetric.

Let aRb and bRc

Then, (a – b) is divisible by n and (b – c) is divisible by n.

So, (a – b) + (b – c) is divisible by n.

⇒ (a – c) is divisible by n.

⇒ aRc

Thus, R is transitive.

So, R is an equivalence relation.

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अध्याय 1: Relations And Functions - Exercise [पृष्ठ १२]

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एनसीईआरटी एक्झांप्लर Mathematics [English] Class 12
अध्याय 1 Relations And Functions
Exercise | Q 15 | पृष्ठ १२

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