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प्रश्न
‘Land ceiling promotes equity.’ Support the given statement with valid explanation.
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उत्तर
Land ceiling means fixing the maximum size of land which could be owned by an individual, beyond which it would be taken over by the government and would be allotted to landless and small farmers. The purpose of land ceiling was to reduce the concentration of land ownership in few hands and promote equity.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Why was green revolution implemented? Explain in brief.
Why, despite the implementation of green revolution, 65 per cent of our population continued to be engaged in the agriculture sector till 1990?
Discuss the important characteristic features of plantation agriculture.
Which of the following colonial super power had a monopoly over sugarcane plantations in Indonesia?
Why does a farmer need risk management and insurance?
Which of the following relates to the term 'distress sale'?
Which of the following factors contribute to land degradation in India?
Read the following hypothetical case study carefully and answer the questions follow on the basis of the same.
Agricultural Developmental Bank of Pakistan uses the production function approach for measuring bank outputs and costs. A translog cost function is estimated to provide an assessment of the bank's scale and scope efficiency, and to quantify the extent to which its production costs are sensitive to the size and output mix. Results show that the bank enjoys both overall and product-specific economies of scale and, therefore, there exists scope for the bank to expand its operations at a declining average cost. Even though bank branches in all size categories enjoy economies of scale, the extent of such economies is larger for branches operating at a smaller scale of production. This implies that as the bank branches grow larger in size in terms of both loan and deposit accounts, they move closer to attaining increasing returns to a factor. It is also shown that the marginal costs of servicing both loan and deposit accounts decline as bank branches grow larger in size in terms of either the number of loans or the number of deposits. This confirms that branches operating at a larger scale of production have attained greater cost-efficiency in terms of servicing the loan and deposit accounts.
Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan uses the ______ function approach.
Read the following passage and answer the question that follows:
| Agriculture provides livelihood to almost three - a fourth of the population of India. Indian agriculture is highly dependent on the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall. Climate extremes such as drought and flood affect agriculture severely. An account of the impact of climate extreme viz. drought and flood, on Indian food-grain production, has been presented in this chapter. There are temporal fluctuations in food grain production and the area under the food grain. In secular terms, both of them increased up to the mid-eighties. After the mid-eighties, there is a decline in the area of food grain while maintaining an increase in production of food grain suggesting the improvement in agricultural technology and policy. There is more temporal fluctuation in the production of food grain than the area under food grain. The analysis reveals that the impact of drought on Indian agriculture is more than that of the flood. Rabi food grain production depicts better adaptability to drought than Kharif food grain production mostly due to better access to irrigation infrastructure. Among the various food, crops analyzed all except jowar can effectively face flood events. Wheat and jowar perform relatively better during drought events. Rice is the most sensitive crop to extreme climate events. Since rice is the staple food in the sub-continent, management of rice production against climate extremes needs special attention for food security and sustainability. |
The contribution of agriculture toward generating employment opportunities is ______
Match the following.
| Column I (Types of Agriculture) |
Column II (Regions) |
| A. Mediterranean Agriculture | 1. Tunisia |
| B. Co-operative Farming | 2. Netherlands |
| C. Market Gardening and Horticulture | 3. N-EUSA |
| D. Collective Farming | 4. USSR |
| E. Dairy Farming | 5. Canada |
| F. Mixed Farming | 6. N-W Europe |
Discuss briefly, how institutional reforms (land reforms) have played a significant role in transforming Indian agriculture.
Read the following text carefully and answer the given questions on the basis of the same and common understanding:
|
The Green Revolution in India began in the mid-1960s marking a transition from traditional agriculture in India to high-yielding varieties of seeds and the associated modern agricultural techniques. The need for introduction of Green Revolution in India arose due to a shortage of food-grains in the post-independent period. he government in the post-independent India wanted to ensure self-dependence in terms of food-grain production. Such efforts coincided with the development of high-yielding varieties of seeds of wheat developed by Dr. Norman Borlung and his associates in Mexico. These seeds also necessitated changes in farming techniques such as the addition of fertilizers, pesticides and better irrigation facilities. High yielding varieties of seeds were first introduced in India in the states of Punjab, Haryana and parts of western Uttar Pradesh. In the early period of the green revolution in India, the focus was to acclimatise the new system with the more resource-intensive agricultural methods. The argument for introducing the new crop varieties was to increase agricultural production in terms of higher crop yields. The seeds introduced during the early period of the green revolution in Punjab were not highyielding by themselves. These high yields were possible due to the seeds being highly responsive to certain inputs such as irrigation water and fertilizers. The green revolution in India, thus, necessitated a resource-intensive process whereby, those who could make significant capital investments could benefit, whereas, those others became more marginalized in regions affected by practices of the green revolution in India. On one hand, the results derived from the green revolution helped farmers to increase their yield and income and on the other hand, it helped the government to procure and preserve more food grains through agencies like Food Corporation of India. These food grain reserves were helpful in creation of buffer stocks in India, which helped in the situations of adversities. |
- Why was Green revolution implemented and how did it benefit the farmers?
- Justify the following statement with valid explanation:
‘Green revolution enabled the government to procure sufficient food grains to build its stocks that could be used during time of shortage’.
Identify the feature of mixed farming from the following:
“Green revolution transformed India from a subsistent food grain economy to a food surplus economy.”
Justify the statement, giving reasons in support of your answer.
Which of the following best defines agriculture?
Which type of agriculture is characterized by high input and output per unit of land?
The Green Revolution is associated with which of the following policies on agricultural inputs?
What type of economic shift has been observed in Tamil Nadu affecting agriculture?
Which of the following is NOT a type of agriculture listed?
