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प्रश्न
Give reasons Fluoride ion has higher hydration enthalpy than chloride ion.
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उत्तर
Fluoride ion is smaller in size than the chloride ion. Hence, when the two are dissolved in water, the energy of hydration released in the case of fluoride ion will be more than chloride ion due to stronger interactions (ion-dipole) between the ion and the water molecules in the former. Fluorine being more electronegative than chlorine will form stronger H-bonds with hydrogen present in the water molecule.
`triangleH_("hyd")F^(-) > triangle H_("hyd") Cl^(-)`
संबंधित प्रश्न
Name the following compound according to the IUPAC system.
Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3 - CH - CH - CH3}\\
|\phantom{.........}|\phantom{...}\\
\ce{OH}\phantom{....}\ce{OH}\\
\end{array}\]
Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3 - CH2 - O - CH - CH2 - CH3}\\
\phantom{....}|\\
\phantom{........}\ce{CH3}
\end{array}\]
Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:
3-Chloromethylpentan-1-ol.
Butane-2-ol is ____________.
IUPAC name of m-cresol is ____________.
IUPAC name of the compound \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3 - CH - OCH3}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{....}\\
\phantom{}\ce{CH3}\phantom{..}
\end{array}\] is ______.
Match the starting materials given in Column I with the products formed by these (Column II) in the reaction with HI.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (i) | CH3—O—CH3 | (a) |  |
| (ii) | \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{CH3}\phantom{..................}\\ \backslash\phantom{.............}\\ \ce{CH-O-CH3}\\ /\phantom{..............}\\ \ce{CH3}\phantom{..................} \end{array}\] |
(b) | \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{CH3}\phantom{....}\\ |\phantom{.......}\\ \ce{CH3-C-I + CH3OH}\\ |\phantom{.......}\\ \ce{CH3}\phantom{....} \end{array}\] |
| (iii) | \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{CH3}\phantom{.}\\ |\phantom{....}\\ \ce{H3C-C-O-CH3}\\ |\phantom{....}\\ \ce{CH3}\phantom{..} \end{array}\] |
(c) |  |
| (iv) |  |
(d) | CH3—OH + CH3—I |
| (e) | \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{CH3}\phantom{.....................}\\ \backslash\phantom{.................}\\ \ce{CH-OH + CH3I}\\ /\phantom{.................}\\ \ce{CH3}\phantom{.....................} \end{array}\] |
||
| (f) | \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{CH3}\phantom{.....................}\\ \backslash\phantom{.................}\\ \ce{CH-I + CH3OH}\\ /\phantom{.................}\\ \ce{CH3}\phantom{.....................} \end{array}\] |
||
| (g) | \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{CH3}\phantom{....}\\ |\phantom{.......}\\ \ce{CH3-C-OH + CH3I}\\ |\phantom{.......}\\ \ce{CH3}\phantom{....} \end{array}\] |
Assertion: Like bromination of benzene, bromination of phenol is also carried out in the presence of Lewis acid.
Reason: Lewis acid polarises the bromine molecule.
Write structural formulae for:
Salicylic acid
