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प्रश्न
Give an account of mutation breeding with examples.
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उत्तर
The mutation is a sudden heritable change in the genotype. In mutation breeding, desirable mutations are induced in crop plants with the use of physical or chemical mutagens.
- Natural (physical) mutagens are High temperature, high concentration of CO2, X rays, UV rays.
- Chemical mutagens are Nitrous acid, EMS (Ethyl- Methyl- Sulphonate), Mustard gas, Colchicine, etc.
- Seedlings or seeds are irradiated by CO-60, exposed to UV bulbs, X-ray machines, etc.
- Mutagens cause gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations.
- The treated seedlings are then screened for resistance to diseases/ pests, high yield, etc. e.g. Jagannath variety of rice, NP 836 variety of wheat (rust-resistant), Indore-2 variety of cotton (resistant to bollworm), Regina-II variety of cabbage (resistant to bacterial rot), etc.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
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| A | Himgiri | Leaf rust |
| Cauliflower | Pusa Shubhra | B |
| Brassica | Pusa Swarnim | C |
| Cowpea | D | Bacterial blight |
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| Column-I | Column-II | ||
| (I) | Banana | (p) | little leaf |
| (II) | Sugarcane | (q) | bunchy top |
| (III) | Papaya | (r) | leaf roll |
| (IV) | Brinjal | (s) | grassy shoot |
| (t) | leaf curl |
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| Column A | Column B | ||
| A. | Kalyan Sona | 1. | Rice |
| B. | Pusa sawani | 2. | Wheat |
| C. | IR - 8 | 3. | Okra |
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