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प्रश्न
Explain the types of chromosomes on the basis of position of centromere.
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उत्तर
Chromosomes can be classified into four types on the basis of position of centromere:
a. Metacentric:
Centromere is in the middle of the chromosome and hence, the two arms are nearly equal.
Chromosome looks ‘V’-shaped in anaphase.
b. Submetacentric:
Centromere is not in the center but some distance away from the centre of
chromosomes and therefore arms are unequal in length.
The chromosome appears ‘L’ shaped in anaphase.
c. Acrocentric:
Centromere is near one end of the chromosome. One arm is very short, while other is long.
d. Telocentric:
Centromere is at the extreme tip of the chromosome.
The arm is only on one side.
Chromosome remains rod shaped even in anaphase.
Chromosome appears ‘i’ shaped.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Sketch and label the structure of chromosome.
State the difference between meiocyte and gamete with respect to chromosome number.
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Write the observed phenotypic ratio.
During cell division, spindle fibres get attached to the disc shaped structures present on the centromere are known as ______.
From the following identify the INCORRECT statement/s with respect to the chromosomes.
i. Chromosomes are capable of self replication and play vital role in heredity, mutation, variation, and evolutionary development of eukaryotic species.
ii. Chromosomes are visible during cell division.
iii. Chemically eukaryotic chromosomes are made of mRNA, histone and non-histone proteins.
iv. The number of chromosomes varies within the population of a particular species.
From the following identify the statements that are CORRECT with respect to homologous and non-homologous region of X and Y chromosomes.
i. Non-homologous region of X chromosome is longer and contains more genes than that of non-homologous region of Y chromosome.
ii. X-linked genes are present on nonhomologous region of X-chromosome.
iii. Y-linked genes are present on homologous region of Y-chromosome.
iv. Crossing over occurs only between homologous regions of X and Y chromosomes.
Which of the following does NOT agree with chrotnosomal theory of inheritance?
Extranuclear inheritance is a consequence of presence of genes in ______.
What are minisatellites?
