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प्रश्न
Explain the role of hormones during the menstrual cycle.
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उत्तर
Role of hormones during the menstrual cycle are:
- The menstrual cycle is regulated by five main hormones: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), estrogens, and progesterone.
- GnRH is secreted by the hypothalamus and stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
- FSH causes the development of ovarian follicles and stimulates them to produce estrogens.
- Estrogens repair and thicken the uterine lining (endometrium) after menstruation and stimulate the pituitary to release LH.
- A peak in estrogen levels causes an LH surge in the middle of the cycle (around day 14), triggering ovulation the release of the mature egg from the follicle.
- After ovulation, LH transforms the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum, which secretes both progesterone and estrogens.
- Progesterone prepares the endometrium for implantation by making it thick, moist, and vascular; it also inhibits the release of GnRH, thus reducing FSH and LH secretion to prevent development of new follicles.
- If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a drop in progesterone and estrogen levels.
- The decrease in hormones causes the endometrial lining to break down and menstruation to begin, marking the start of a new cycle.
- With progesterone level low, inhibition on FSH is removed, so FSH levels rise again to start follicle development for the next cycle.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain menstrual cycle in human females.
Observe the figure and answer the questions given below.
a) What does the above figure indicate?
b) Which human organs are involved in this process?
c) Name the hormones responsible for this process.
d) After how many days these repetitive changes take place?
e) ‚A woman should stay away from others, as her body is impure during this process.‛ What is your opinion about this statement? Elaborate it.
Name the Following
The term used when females stop menstruation at the age of 45-50 years.
Multiple choice question.
Rupturing of follicles and discharge of ova is known as _______.
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium thicken up to 8-10 mm?
If the corpus luteum is present in the ovary even after 72 hours after ovulationit indicates that ______.
Menstruation begins due to ______.
Secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum is initiated by ______.
When does the corpus luteum degenerate?
The secretory phase in the human menstrual cycle is also called:
