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प्रश्न
Explain in your own words with suitable examples.
How does excretion occur in human beings?
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उत्तर
- The excretory system removes wastes from the body, which is an important function.
- The human excretory system is made up of two kidneys, two ureters, the urine bladder, and the urethra. The kidneys produce urine by removing waste and undesirable chemicals from the bloodstream.
- Nephrons are the functional units of the kidney that perform the basic function of filtration. The urea generated in the liver enters the bloodstream.
- When urea-containing blood enters the glomerulus, it is filtered by capillaries, removing urea and other related compounds.
- Water molecules and tiny molecules of other substances can pass through the semipermeable membrane of Bowman's capsule.
- The fluid that has accumulated in the Bowman's capsule cavity enters the nephron's tubular portion. Here, water molecules and other important compounds are reabsorbed into the bloodstream.
- Urine is generated from the residual fluid, which contains waste elements. The ureters carry urine, which is then stored in the urinary bladder. Urine is then released through the urethra.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for ______.
Name the procedure used in the working of artificial kidney.
Name a waste gas released by the plants only during the day time.
What is the role of glomerulus in the kidney?
A dialysis machine contains long tubes coiled in a tank containing dialysing solution:
Name the main waste which passes into the dialysing solution.
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The organs A of a person have been damaged completely due to which too much of a poisonous waste material B has started accumulating in his blood, making it dirty. In order to save this person’s life, the blood from an artery in the person’s arm is made to flow into long tubes made of substance E which are kept in coiled form in a tank containing solution F. This solution contains three materials G, H and I in similar proportions to those in normal blood. As the person’s blood passes through long tubes of substance E, most of the wastes present in it go into solution. The clean blood is then put back into a vein in the arm of the person for circulation. |
- What are organs A?
- Name the waste substance B.
- What are (i) E, and (ii) F?
- Name G, H and I.
- What is the process described above known as?
Fill in the blank :
Nitrogenous wastes in the urine are in the form of urea and .....................
Answer the following in short.
List five waste products of plants.
Write down the functional activity of the following parts,
Renal artery ………………
Fill in the blanks in the following passage to make it a meaningful description.
In a nephron, the ______ flows through the ______ under great pressure. The reason for this great pressure is that the ______ (outgoing) ______ is narrower than the ______ (incoming). This high pressure causes the ______ part of the blood to filter out from the ______ into the ______ capsule.
The following diagram represents a mammalian kidney tubule (nephron) and its blood supply.
Parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 8 are as follows:
1. Afferent arteriole from renal artery
2. efferent arteriole
3. Bowman’s capsule
4. Glomerulus;
5. Proximal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries;
6. Distal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries;
7. collecting tubule;
8. U-shaped loop of Henle
Study the diagram and answer the question that follow:
Where does ultrafiltration take place?
Choose the correct answer:
Composition of extracellular fluid is regulated by ___________
The following diagram represents a mammalian kidney tubule (nephron) and its blood supply.
Parts indicated by the guidelines 1to 8 are as follows:
1. Afferent arteriole from renal artery
2. Efferent arteriole
3. Bowman's capsule
4. Glomerulus
5. Proximal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries
6. Distal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries
7. Collecting tubule
8. U-shaped loop of Henle
Study the diagram and answer the question that follow:
Which structure (normally) contains the lowest concentration of glucose?
Given below is a highly simplified diagram of the human kidney cut open longitudinally. Answer the question that follow:
Why does the cortex of the kidney show a dotted appearance?
The diagram below represents a mammalian kidney tubule (nephron) and its blood supply. Parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 8 are as follows:
1. U-shaped loop of Henle
2. Proximal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries
3. Bowman’s capsule
4. Afferent arteriole from the renal artery
5. Glomerulus
6. Venule to the renal vein
7. Collecting tubule
8. Distal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries Study the diagram and answer the following questions in each case:
(i) Where does ultrafiltration take place?
(ii) Which structure contains the lowest concentration of urea?
(iii) Which structure contains the highest concentration of urea?
(iv) Which structure contains the lowest concentration of glucose?
(v) Where is the most water reabsorbed?
Give Technical Term:
The organ in man concerned with maintaining water balance in the body.
Answer the following question.
Birds are uricotelic in nature. Give reason.
Complete the diagram/chart with correct labels/ information. Write the conceptual details regarding it.
The tadpole of frog lives in water, hence its mode of excretion is ______.
The mode of excretion of nitrogenous wastes like ammonia which takes place by simple diffusion is called ______.
