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प्रश्न
Depending upon the chemical nature of the template (DNA or RNA) and the nature of nucleic acids synthesised from it (DNA or RNA), list the types of nucleic acid polymerases.
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उत्तर
The types of nucleic acid polymerases required for the synthesis of DNA and RNA are:
- DNA polymerase I, II, and III: They help in the replication of DNA.
- RNA-dependent DNA polymerase: It helps in the synthesis of DNA from RNA (reverse transcription).
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase: It helps synthesise RNA from DNA (transcription).
In eukaryotes, there are at least three RNA polymerases in addition to those found in cell organelles.
- RNA polymerase I transcribes rRNA (28S, 18S and 5.8S).
- RNA polymerase II transcribes the precursor of mRNA called heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA).
- RNA polymerase III transcribes tRNA, 5SrRNA and snRNAs.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the process of making heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) into a fully functional mRNA in eukaryotes. Where does this process occur in the cell?
Regulatory proteins are the accessory proteins that interact with RNA polymerase and affect its role in transcription. Which of the following statements is correct about regulatory protein?
If the base sequence of a codon in mRNA is 5'-AUG-3', the sequence of tRNA pairing with it must be ______.
To initiate translation, the mRNA first binds to ______.
In eukaryotes, the process of processing of primary transcript involves ______.
On the ribosome, mRNA binds ______ and two sites in the ______ for subsequent amino acids to bind to be close enough to each other for the formation of a peptide bond.
Ribozyme is a/an:
Sigma factor is a component of ______.
Which enzymes are responsible for the synthesis of tRNA?
Refer the given diagram. What does it represent?
Identify the correct statement.
What are the functions of methylated guanasine cap?
Give an account of post transcriptional modifications of a eukaryotic mRNA.
Observe the segment of mRNA given below.
(a) Explain and illustrate the steps involved to make fully processed hnRNA?
(b) Gene encoding RNA Polymerase I and III have been affected by mutation in a cell. Explain its impact on the synthesis of a polypeptide, stating the reasons.
Streptokinase produced by bacterium Streptococcus is used for ______.
Which of the following are the substrates used during RNA elongation in bacterial transcription?
Which single enzyme in bacteria synthesizes all types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA)?
At which step of bacterial transcription does the sigma (σ) factor dissociate from the RNA polymerase?
Between rho-independent and rho-dependent termination, which mechanism is also known as intrinsic termination?
