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प्रश्न
Define secular trend
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उत्तर
It is a general tendency of time series to increase or decrease or stagnates during a long period of time, an upward tendency is usually observed in population of a country, production, sales, prices in industries, income or individuals etc.
A downward tendency is observed in deaths, epidemics, prices of electronic gadgets, water sources, mortality rate etc.
It is not necessarily that the increase or decrease should be in the same direction throughout the given period of time.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What is the need for studying time series?
State the uses of time series
Explain cyclic variations
Find the trend of production by the method of a five-yearly period of moving average for the following data:
| Year | Production ('000) |
| 1979 | 126 |
| 1980 | 123 |
| 1981 | 117 |
| 1982 | 128 |
| 1983 | 125 |
| 1984 | 124 |
| 1985 | 130 |
| 1986 | 114 |
| 1987 | 122 |
| 1988 | 129 |
| 1989 | 118 |
| 1990 | 123 |
The annual production of a commodity is given as follows:
| Year | production (in tones) |
| 1995 | 155 |
| 1996 | 162 |
| 1997 | 171 |
| 19988 | 182 |
| 1999 | 158 |
| 2000 | 880 |
| 2001 | 178 |
Fit a straight line trend by the method of least squares
Choose the correct alternative:
Factors responsible for seasonal variations are
Choose the correct alternative:
Least square method of fitting a trend is
Fit a straight line trend by the method of least squares to the following data
| Year | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 |
| Sales | 50.3 | 52.7 | 49.3 | 57.3 | 56.8 | 60.7 | 62.1 | 58.7 |
The nth term of the series 2 + 4 + 7 + 11 + ..... is
The sum of the series `log_4 2 - log_8 2 + log_16 2 + ...............` to `oo` is
