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प्रश्न
Define secular trend
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उत्तर
It is a general tendency of time series to increase or decrease or stagnates during a long period of time, an upward tendency is usually observed in population of a country, production, sales, prices in industries, income or individuals etc.
A downward tendency is observed in deaths, epidemics, prices of electronic gadgets, water sources, mortality rate etc.
It is not necessarily that the increase or decrease should be in the same direction throughout the given period of time.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Define seasonal index
Use the method of monthly averages to find the monthly indices for the following data of production of a commodity for the years 2002, 2003 and 2004
| 2002 | 2003 | 2004 |
| 15 | 20 | 18 |
| 18 | 18 | 25 |
| 17 | 16 | 21 |
| 19 | 13 | 11 |
| 16 | 12 | 14 |
| 20 | 15 | 16 |
| 21 | 22 | 19 |
| 18 | 16 | 20 |
| 17 | 18 | 1 |
| 15 | 20 | 16 |
| 14 | 17 | 18 |
| 18 | 15 | 20 |
Calculate the seasonal indices from the following data using the average method:
| Year | I Quarter | II Quarter | III Quarter | IV Quarter |
| 2008 | 72 | 68 | 62 | 76 |
| 2009 | 78 | 74 | 78 | 72 |
| 2010 | 74 | 70 | 72 | 76 |
| 2011 | 76 | 74 | 74 | 72 |
| 2012 | 72 | 72 | 76 | 68 |
Choose the correct alternative:
The additive model of the time series with the components T, S, C and I is
Choose the correct alternative:
The value of ‘b’ in the trend line y = a + bx is
From the following data, calculate the trend values using fourly moving averages.
| Year | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| Sales | 506 | 620 | 1036 | 673 | 588 | 696 | 1116 | 738 | 663 |
The sum of the series `log_4 2 - log_8 2 + log_16 2 + ...............` to `oo` is
Let An be the sum of the first n terms of the geometric series `704 + 704/2 + 704/4 + 704/8 + ...` and Bn be the sum of the first n terms of the geometric series `1984 - 1984/2 + 1984/4 + 1984/8 + ...` If An = Bn, then the value ofn is (where n ∈ N).
Sum of the first n terms of the series `1/2 + 3/4 + 7/8 + 15/16 +`......... is equal to:
The sum of the series 3.6 + 4.7 + 5.8 + ....... upto (n – 2) terms
