Question

Answer the following question:

Discuss the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society, economy, and polity.

Answer 1

The Industrial Revolution had a profound effect on society, economy, and polity.

1. The Industrial Revolution resulted in mass production of a variety of goods which had to be exported overseas. This led to the acquisition of colonies in Asia and Africa.
2. Industrialisation resulted in urbanisation. A large part of the rural population shifted to cities which became very crowded. This led to problems of housing, the rise of slums, and problems of health and sanitation.
3. The Industrial Revolution brought countries and people together.
4. This led to the socio-economic polarisation of people. Two classes of people emerged – the capitalists and workers. This led to a hunger for more and more wealth among capitalists, exploitation of workers, and shocking social inequalities.