Advanced Foundation Engineering Semester 7 (BE Fourth Year) BE Civil Engineering University of Mumbai Topics and Syllabus

• Purpose and scope, influence of soil conditions and type of foundations on exploratory programme, project assessment, phasing of site exploration.
• Open excavation and boring methods of exploration, types of samplers and their design features.
• Subsurface soundings- static, dynamic and geophysical methods. Planning of subsurface investigations, type and sequence of operations, lateral extent and depth of exploration, interpretation of field and laboratory data.

• Terzaghi’s one dimensional consolidation- derivation of equation (solution in detail need not be covered) Estimation of Cc and cv from laboratory tests, estimation of preconsolidation pressure by various methods, field consolidation curves, prediction of field settlement, practical applications.
• Quasi-preconsolidation and secondary consolidation. Concept of three dimensional consolidation in cylindrical coordinates, theory of sand drain and prefabricated vertical drains.

• Triaxial test – drained and undrained behaviour of sands and clays. Stress path, ideal, plastic and real soil behaviour, shear strength of sands and clays, failure criteria in soils- Mohr-Coulomb’s criteria, modified cam clay model.

i. Boussinesq’s theory, vertical stress due to concentrated load, horizontal and shear stress due to concentrated load, isobar diagram, vertical stress distribution on horizontal plane, influence diagram, vertical stress distribution on vertical plane.

ii. Vertical stress due to line load, vertical stress under strip load, maximum shear stress at points of under strip loads, vertical stress under a circular area, vertical stress under a corner of a rectangular area, Newmark’s influence charts.

iii. Westergard’s theory.

• Modes of failure, failure criteria- Terzahi concept, Vesic concept, IS code recommendations. Assumptions in estimation of ultimate loads, effect of shape, embedment of footing, eccentricity in loading, choice factor of safety.
• Compressibility (including critical rigidity index), settlement of foundations on sand- Schmertmann method.
• Evaluation of bearing capacity using plate load test and standard penetration test, Housel method.

• Estimation of single pile capacity by static and dynamic methods, group capacity in sand and clay deposits, separation of skin friction and end bearing capacity.
• Settlement of single and group of piles.

• Improvement of deep cohesionless soils. Improvement in cohesive soils.
• Improvement of soil using additives such as fibres, chemicals, sustainable waste materials Concept of using geosynthetics, soil nailing to stabilize slopes and embankments Instrumentation- pore pressure gauges and settlement gauges and their applications.