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प्रश्न
Write short notes based upon the information known to you.
Darwin’s theory of natural selection
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उत्तर
- Darwin is famous for the theory which he published in the book titled 'Origin of Species'.
- Darwin’s theory of natural selection is based on the concept of survival of the fittest.
- Organisms can reproduce prolifically.
- Under limited resources, organisms compete with each other in a life-threatening manner for their survival.
- According to this theory, only those organisms survive which show modifications for winning the competition. The selected organisms then give rise to new species with their specific set of characters.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the phenomenon that is well represented by Darwin's finches other than natural selection.
State the two key concept of Darwinian theory.
Answer each question in ‘One’ sentence only:
Identify which one of the following is a test cross.
Industrial melanism provides a good example of natural selection. Discuss.
Given alongside are two figures (A and B) showing a phenomenon that was first observed in Manchester before and after the year 1850.
Answer the following:
- What name has been given to this phenomenon?
- Give the common name and the scientific name of the insect involved in this phenomenon.
- Briefly mention why the changes shown in the two figures appeared.
- The following phenomenon provides a classical explanation of a scientific theory given by a certain scientist.
- Name and explain the said theory.
- Give the name of the scientist who gave this theory.
List any three drawbacks of Darwinism.
Answer the following question.
How did Charles Darwin express 'fitness'?
The theory of natural selection for evolution was proposed by ______.
A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato.
Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?
What are homologous structures? Give an example. Is it necessary that homologous structures always have a common ancestor?
Study the following cross and showing self pollination in F1, fill in the blank and answer the question that follows
| Parents | RRYY | × | rryy |
| Round, Yellow | wrinkled, green | ||
| F1- | Rr Yy | × | ? |
| Round, yellow |
Which one of the following statement is correct?
Match List - I with List - II.
| List - I | List II | ||
| (a) | Adaptive radiation | (i) | Selection of resistant varieties due to excessive use of herbicides and pesticides |
| (b) | Convergent evolution | (ii) | Bones of forelimbs in Man and Whale |
| (c) | Divergent evolution | (iii) | Wings of Butterfly and Bird |
| (d) | Evolution by anthropo- genic action | (iv) | Darwin Finches |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Nature has a way of causing organisms that inherit advantageous traits to survive and reproduce more successfully than the ones that do not. This process is known as ______.
Distinguish between directional, stabilizing and disruptive selection.
The selective agent that was responsible for causing the change in peppered moth was ______.
Charles Darwin explained the origin of species through ______.
The famous book "The Origin of Species" was written by ______.
Mention four main postulates of Darwin's theory.
Differentiate between Lamarck's Theory and Darwin's Theory.
