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प्रश्न
What are the two main features of Rutherford’s atomic model?
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उत्तर
According to Rutherford’s model an atom consists of:
- The centrally located nucleus: The nucleus is a centrally located positively charged mass. The entire mass of the atom is concentrated in it. It is the densest part of the atom. Its size is very small as compare to the atom as a whole.
- The outer circular orbits: Electrons revolve in circular orbits (shell) in the space available around the nucleus. An atom is electrically neutral i.e., number of protons and electrons present in an atom are equal.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the Atomic number with example.
(a) What is meant by (i) atomic number, and (ii) mass number, of an element? Explain with the help of an example.
(b) What is the relation between the atomic number and mass number of an element?
(c) If an element M has mass number 24 and atomic number 12, how many neutrons does its atom contain?
Draw the orbital diagram of `""_20^40"Ca"^(2+)` ion and state the number of three fundamental particles present in it.
Match the atomic numbers 4,8,10,15 and 19 with each of the following:
An element which does not form ion
Draw the atomic diagram of the following element showing the distribution of – protons, neutrons and the electrons in the various shell of the atom.
Oxygen – \[\ce{^16_8O}\]
[The upper number represent the – mass number and the lower number represent the – atomic number e.g. calcium – mass number = 40, atomic number = 20]
‘Valency is the number of hydrogen atoms which can combine with [or displace] one atom of the element [or radical] forming a compound’. With reference to the above definition of valency, state the valency of chlorine in hydrogen chloride, giving reasons.
Draw the structure of the following atoms showing the nucleus containing – protons, neutrons and the orbits with the respective electron:
Lithium [At. no. = 3, Mass no. = 7]
Differentiate between the following term:
Atomic number and mass number
Give short answer:
what is the atomic mass number? mention its formula.
If an atom has 6 electrons in its outermost shell, it is inert.
